THE HANDLING OF THE PLANTS 



161 



trees, especially, 

 should be carefully 

 inspected and 

 means taken to pre- 

 serve them, by bolt- 

 ing if necessary." 



The illustrations, 

 Figs. 164-173, are 

 self-explanatory, 

 and show poor 



173. A method of saving valuable trees along streets 

 on which heavy lowering of grade has been made. 



practice and good practice in the care of trees. 



The grafting of plants. 



Grafting is the operation of inserting a piece of a plant into 

 another plant with the intention that it shall grow. It differs 

 from the making of cuttings in the fact that the severed part 

 grows in another plant rather than in the soil. 



There are two general kinds of grafting — one of which 

 inserts a piece of branch in the stock (grafting proper), and 

 one which inserts only a bud with little or no wood attached 

 (budding). In both cases the success of the operation depends 

 on the growing together of the cambium of the cion (or cutting) 

 and that of the stock. The cambium is the new and growing 

 tissue lying underneath the bark and on the outside of the 

 growing wood. Therefore, the line of demarcation between 

 the bark and the wood should coincide when the cion and 

 stock are joined. 



The plant on which the severed piece is set is called the stock. 

 The part which is removed and set into the stock is called a 

 cion if it is a piece of a branch, or a ''bud" if it is only a single 

 bud with a bit of tissue attached. 



The greater part of grafting and budding is performed when 

 the cion or bud is nearly or quite dormant. That is, grafting 

 is usually done late in winter and early in spring, and budding 



