292 MANUAL OF GARDENING 



Plants that bloom in very early spring (not mentioning such 

 as birches, alders, and hazels) may be found in amelanchier, 

 cydonia, daphne, dirca, forsythia, cercis (in tree list), benzoin, 

 lonicera (L. fragrantissima) , salix (S. discolor and other pussy 

 willows), shepherdia. 



Shrubs bearing conspicuous berries, pods, and the like, that 

 persist in fall or winter may be found in the genera berberis 

 (particularly B. Thunbergii), colutea, corylus, Crataegus, euony- 

 mus, ilex, physocarpus, ostrya, ptelea, pyracantha (Plate XIX) 

 pyrus, rhodotypos, rosa {R. rugosa), staphylea, symphoricarpus, 

 viburnum, xanthoceras. 



List of shrubbery plants for the North. 



The following list of shrubs (of course not complete) com- 

 prises a selection with particular reference to southern Michi- 

 gan and central New York, where the mercury sometimes 

 falls to fifteen degrees below zero. Application is also made 

 to Canada by designating species that have been found to be 

 hardy at Ottawa. 



The list is arranged alphabetically by the names of the 

 genera. 



The asterisk (*) denotes that the plant is native to North 

 America. 



The double dagger (J) indicates species that are recommended 

 by the Central Experimental Farms, Ottawa, Ontario. 



It is often difficult to determine whether a group should be 

 listed among shrubs or trees. Sometimes the plant is not 

 quite a tree and is yet something more than a shrub or bush; 

 sometimes the plant may be distinctly a tree in its southern 

 range and a shrub in its northern range; sometimes the same 

 genus or group contains both shrubs and trees. In the follow- 

 ing genera there are doubtful cases : sesculus, alnus, amelanchier, 

 betula, caragana, castanea, cornus (C. florida), Crataegus, elae- 

 agnus, prunus, robinia. 



