294 MANUAL OF GARDENING 



Siberian pea-tree, Caragana arhorescens.X 



Flowers pea-like, yellow, in May; very hardy; 10-15 feet. 



Small pea-tree, C. pygmcea. 



Very small, 1-3 ft, but sometimes grafted on C. arborescens. 



Shrubby pea-tree, Cfrutescens-X 



Flowers larger than those of C. arborescens ; 3-10 ft. 



Large-flowered pea-tree, C. grandiflora.X 



Larger-flowered than the last, which it resembles ; 4 ft. 



Blue spirea, Caryopteris Mastacanthus. 



Flowers bright blue, in late summer and fall; 2-4 ft., but is likely to die 

 to ground in winter. 



Chinquapin or dwarf chestnut, Castanea pumila* 

 Becomes a small tree, but usually bushy. 



Ceanothus, Ceanothus Americanus.^' 



A very small native shrub, desirable for dry places under trees; 2-3 ft. 

 There are many good European garden forms of ceanothus, but not hardy in 

 the northern states. 



Button-bush, Cephalanthus occidentalis.^ 



Blossoms in July and August; desirable for water-courses and other low 

 places; 4-10 ft. 



Fringe tree, Chionanthus Virgimca.'-^ 



Shrub as large as lilac, or becoming tree-like, with fringe-like white flowers 

 in spring. 



White alder, Clethra alnifolia.^ 



A very fine, hardy shrub, producing very fragrant flowers in July and 

 August; should be better known; 4-10 ft. 



Bladder senna, Colutea arborescens. 



Pea-like yellowish flowers in June, and big inflated pods; 8-12 ft. 



European osier, Cornus alba (known also as C. Sibirica and C. Tatarica) . 

 Branches deep red ; 4-8 ft. ; the variegated form J has leaves edged white. 



Bailey's osier, C. Baileyi* 



Probably the finest of the native osiers for color of twigs and foliage; 

 5-8 ft. 



