MEDICINES AND THEIR DOSES. 21 



horses and cattle take 1 to 3 drams ; sheep, 30 grains to 

 1 dram, several times daily. Plenty of diluents ; clothe 

 comfortably; atmosphere 60° F. Expectorants induce 

 coughing, hawking, and spitting. Diaphoretics excite 

 perspiration. All watery drinks are diluents. 



Iron, Sulphate (Green Vitriol). — Horses, i to 2 drams; 

 cattle, 1 to 4 drams; sheep, 10 to 30 grains; swine, 5 to 

 20. The smaller doses are given as tonics and for the 

 blood, the larger as astringents, 2 or 3 times daily, in 

 ball, solution, or food. 



Iron, Iodide. — Same doses as iron sulphate. Avoid 

 overdoses. 



Iron, Chloride. — Of the medicinal liquor and tincture 

 horses and cattle take i to 1 oz. ; sheep, 20 to 30 drops ; 

 swine, 10 to 20 drops. Taken at the same intervals and 

 for the same purposes as sulphate of iron, above. 



Jaborandi. — Of the fresh leaves, as an infusion, horses 

 and cattle take 2 to 4 drams ; sheep and swine, ^ to 1 

 dram. Pilocarpine nitrate or hydrochlorate (a component 

 part of jaborandi), is used hypodermically in horses and 

 cattle in 1 to 2 grain doses. 



Jalap. — As a purgative for swine, 1 to 4 drams, com- 

 bined with a grain or two of calomel. 



Juniper. — Of the fruit as a stomachic horses and cat- 

 tle take 1 to 3 oz.; sheep, 2 to 4 drams, several times a 

 day, coarsely powdered and mixed with fodder. Of the 

 oil, distilled from the unripe fruit, as a diuretic, horses 

 and cattle take 1 to 2 drams, every 3 hours till water 

 passes freely. Diuretics increase the secretion of urine. 



Laudanum. — See 'Opium/ 



Lead Acetates. — Horses and cattle, | to 1 dram; 

 calves and sheep, 10 to 20 grains; swine, 2 to 4 grains, 

 once or twice a day, in ball or solution. External use — 

 Sugar of lead is used in powder, ointment, or dissolved 

 in 20 to 40 parts of water, with a little vinegar, to in- 

 crease its solubility. Goulard's extract, diluted with 4 to 



