TETAKUS OR LOCK-JAW. 53 



When caused by embolism (blood clots or foreign bodies 

 plugging vessels), or by thrombosis (escape of a fluid and 

 the injury caused thereby) treat the first by rest, concen- 

 trated, rather spare diet, and ammonia salts; the second 

 by refrigerant applications or fomentations, bitters, and 

 scarification when the swelling causes inconvenience. (For 

 doses, see pages 13 to 29.) 



TETANUS (LOCK-JAW),* 



Has four forms. 1. Cramp of the muscles of the face 

 and neck, causing the jaws to close; the most common 

 form. 2. Cramp of the muscles of the back and loins, 

 causing elevation of the head and sinking of the loins. 

 3. Bending the body and neck forward, with arching of 

 the spine. 4. Bending the body laterally. 



Fig. 8. Testing Tetanus. When the head is raised the haw projects over 



the eye. 



The exact nature of the disease is still a matter of dis- 

 pute. Some horses seem to be predisposed to it. The 

 nerve centers chiefly if not solely affected are the medulla 

 oblongata and spinal cord. The medulla oblongata lies 

 between and connects the brain and spinal cord. 



* Lock-jaw is only one of four different forms of Tetanus. This important 

 fact should be borne in mind ; otherwise an intelligent diagnosis (determina- 

 tion) of the disease is impossible. 



