INJURIES. 183 



it, and a little matter oozes from between it and the skin. 

 This indicates that the sitfast will be carried off by slough- 

 ing. If the process is slow, it may be hastened by blis- 

 tering ointment. Dissect out if necessary. 



Warbles or grubs " are small, hard tumors on the sad- 

 dle part of a horse's back ; " also the neck and sometimes 

 the tail. When recent they yield to stimulating lotions, 

 though sometimes they run on to suppuration and disperse. 

 Frequently, however, tliey become callous, in which con- 

 dition they may continue for years without serious conse- 

 quences. They may be dissected out. 



According to Williams warbles in the ox is caused by 

 a bot-fly which lodges under the skin. 



Tumor on the elbow (shoeboil) is caused by contusion 

 or pressure of the heel of the fore shoe or by the horse 

 lying on a hard pavement with insufficient bedding. 



INFLAMED VEIN (PHLEBITIS), 



Is usually the result of bleeding, but some horses are 

 predisposed to it. It is also the result of violence after 

 bleeding — disturbing the pin by rubbing against this or 

 that. Injury may also follow from using an unclean or 

 rusty instrument in bleeding. The wound should be 

 speedily closed. The lips, unless disturbed, will rarely 

 fail to adhere. Tie the horse's head up to prevent rub^ 

 bing. If worked, guard against injury by either bridle 

 rein or collar. 



Remedy. — Open any abscesses. If swelling occurs while 

 the pin is in, withdraw it carefully so as not to disturb 

 the wound. Foment and poultice. Laxative diet. If the 

 wound is foul and the vein corded up to the head, leave 

 the orifice open and apply a blister, renewing it as often 

 as needed. If necessary, the vein may be tied. In case 

 of fresh bleeding, pin or stitch and compress the wound, 

 keeping the head tied up. A horse with an impervious 

 jugular should not be turned to grass. Diffuse phlebitis 



