192 THE DISEASES OE THE H'ORSE. 



VENOMOUS BITES AND STINGS 



Are caused by bees, hornets, vipers, &c. The adder's 

 bite is sometimes fatal, and swarming bees have been 

 known to sting a horse or ox to death. 



Remedy. — Ammonia and oil; or an ounce of spirit of 

 hartshorn or turpentine in olive oil. Rub some on bite 

 also. Potassium hydrate or bicarbonate solutions. Bathe 

 the eyes with laurel water twice a week. Carbolic acid ; 

 prussic acid ; chloroform ; cold water dressings. For snake 

 bite ligature limb ; excise wound, and sear with hot iron. 

 Alcoholic stimulants; ammonia. Artificial respiration. 



For doses, see pages 13 to 29. 



BURNS AND SCALDS. 



Remedy. — Protect immediately from air and irritants 

 by layers of cotton wool, or apply carron oil. Liniment 

 of oil and litharge, with 5 per cent, boric, salicylic, or 

 carbolic acid, or peppermint oil. Whiting and water, or 

 Fuller's earth, about the consistence of cream, applied 

 till well coated. Zinc oxide, with about 10 parts vaselin, 

 or of glycerine and water. Alkaline solutions, soap lather, 

 saturated solution sodium bicarbonate for slighter cases. 

 Where discharges are foul, add antiseptics to above dress- 

 ings. Where there is irritation and pain, add chloroform 

 or laudanum, or both. Combat constitutional suffering 

 with antiseptics and anodynes internally. For doses, see 

 pages 13 to 29. For lists of antiseptics, anodynes, &c, 

 see pages 30 to 37. 



FRACTURES 



Are usually caused by blows, falls, slips, &c, but a 

 horse, by struggling when cast, may not only fracture its 

 spine but perhaps some other bone. 



Fractures are simple, compound, or comminuted ; they 

 are also either transverse or oblique. They are indicated 



