23 TEEATMENT OF DISEASES 



muscles which should be divided in the process of pricking or 

 nicking. 



Third Pair. The third pair are termed curvators coccyx. These 

 muscles are situated on the sides of the tail, between the first and 

 second pairs. They are attached to the fourth and fifth lumbar 

 vertebrae, and to the sides or transverse processes of all the bones 

 of the tail. Their action is to curve or flex the tail towards the 

 quarter and sides, and the division of one of these muscles causes 

 permanent flexure of the tail in an opposite direction. Considering 

 the tail as a means of defense in switching ofi" flies, &c., these mus- 

 cles are the principal ones called into action. 



Fourth Pair. The fourth pair are termed compressors coccyx. 

 They are located at the sides and root of the tail, and are inserted 

 into the back part of the hip bones (ischium), and into the first five 

 bones of the tail. The action of these muscles is to maintain the 

 tail forcibly against the anus. In the mare these muscles protect 

 her from ravishment. 



The Arteries of the Tail are termed coccygeal arteries. Those 

 located at the sides, are ealled lateral coccygeal, and the one found 

 in the lower or inferior region, is so called — inferior coccygeal. 



Nerves of the Tail. As with the muscles, so with the nerves — 

 there are four pair of coccygeal nerves. They are not a continua- 

 tion of the true spinal cord, but are given ofi' from it. They are 

 distiibuted to the muscular filaments, to the skin, and to the 

 extremity of the tail. 



CHRONIC COUGH — ITS TREATMENT, &c. 



Chronic Cough is often the result of indiscretion in the treatment 

 of influenza, distemper, and disease of the respiratory apparatus. 

 It usually depends on a morbid and irritable condition of the mem- 

 brane, found on the interior of the respiratory passages ; the cough 

 is generally aggravated by over-exertion, especially when the roads 

 are dusty ; food of an inferior quality, and that of a musty charac- 

 ter, has the same effect. 



It is generally supposed by those persons who have not had the 

 benefit of a medical education, that the presence of acute, or chron- 

 ic cough, indicates diseased lungs, or disease in some parts of the 

 organs of respiration/ but this is not always the case, for, whenever 

 the liver becomes diseased, the subject is very apt to be tormented 

 •with a harassing cough, which lasts as long as that organ shall be 

 the seat of disease ; however, there are several symptoms, to be ob- 

 served in cases of functional or organic disease of the liver, which 

 are not present in lung disease ; hence there is no difficulty in the 

 way of making a correct diagnosis, and for the benefit of the non- 

 professional, I would inform them that, in all cases of liver disease, 

 a marked yellow tinge will be observed on the visible surfaces 

 within the mouth; the tongue slightly coated; the dung is miusu- 

 ally dark colored, and is voided in hardened lumps, and the urine 

 is also of a dark yellow color. 



