102 PRACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



Another symptom is lameness, which is very well marked in 

 some cases, but is hard to localize. Generally, the articulation, as 

 the shoulder- joint and the hip-joint, may be involved. Lameness 

 is apt to shift. We often call it rheumatic lameness, as it has a 

 tendency to shift; sometimes it may be due to traction by the 

 muscular and tendinous attachments. The articulations may be 

 diseased, or the ends of the bones under the cartilage, and when 

 in this condition are very liable to fracture. These animals are 

 often down and unable to get up. 



How is the diagnosis made ? 



When a horse is brought to you lame, in a hind or front leg, 

 and you look him over and cannot locate the lameness, examine 

 for osteoporosis. 



The patient, as a rule, is not fleshy, is tucked up; the bones 

 of the jaw are increased in diameter — both the lower and the upper 

 jaw. 



These animals are usually poor feeders and are apt to have 

 a shifting lameness, travelling from one leg to another. 



Give the prognosis. 



This depends on the age of the animal and the extent of the 

 disease. 



The milder eases in young animals may be benefited and in 

 some cases entirely relieved. 



In other cases the prognosis is grave, and, as a rule, the ani- 

 mals are best destroyed. 



Outline the treatment. 



There does not seem to be any medicine that has any partic- 

 ular effect. 



We say, turn him over to the green doctor — turn him out to 

 grass on soil containing lime salts. 



Sometimes give a physic, followed by cod-liver oil with cal- 

 cium phosphate, and give other drugs that may be indicated. 



In cases where the jaws are very sore, ground oats may be 

 given. 



Locally, anodyne and stimulating liniments are of service. 



DIABETES. 

 What are the forms ? 



There are two forms — diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus. 



