136 PRACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



cells are formed, and the part becomes a soft granular or fatty 

 mass. 



What are the terminations of pneumonia ? 



Pneumonia may end either in resolution, production, or de- 

 struction. 



Resolution is where the exudation undergoes liquefaction and 

 becomes absorbed; the cellular elements become fatty and the 

 greater part absorbed, very little being expectorated. 



By resolution the lungs return to their normal condition, this 

 being the most frequent termination and the one desired. 



In man, the death-rate is very high — probably one recovery out 

 of three or four cases. Between the ages of fifteen and thirty years 

 the prognosis is good in man. 



In the horse, on the other hand, eight out of ten recover. 



By production we mean an increase of tissue, as chronic or inter- 

 stitial pneumonia, where there is an increase of interstitial tissue. 



This is a rare termination in the horse. 



By destruction, either suppuration or gangrene takes place. 



Where suppuration takes place or an abscess forms in these 

 cases, the symptoms do not subside, the fever remains high or in- 

 creases, there is a loss of appetite, sour breath, and death from ex- 

 haustion. 



In gangrene of the lungs the circulation stops and putrefactive 

 germs gain access to the part, and the part dies. 



There is a fetid odor to the breath, gangrenous, the respira- 

 tions are rapid, and moist rales are heard on auscultation, the ani- 

 mal dying; heart-failure may cause death. 



What is the duration of the stages ? 



The stage of congestion, one to three days; the stage of red 

 hepatization, from three to seven or eight days; the stage of resolu- 

 tion, from seven or eight days to three weeks. 



What are the symptoms of pneumonia ? 



It is generally ushered in with a chill, with muscular trembling, 

 coldness of the extremities, etc. May be slight or severe chill. 



The chill is followed by febrile symptoms, skin hot, with a 

 marked rise of temperature in the early stages, it being 105° or 

 106° F. It may drop somewhat when the exudation is poured out. 



There is an increased frequency of the pulse, which may be 



