142 PRACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



Define lobular pneumonia. 



It is essentially an inflammation of the terminal bronchi and 

 the air-cells which make up a pulmonary lobule, and thus the name 

 Iroticho-pneuinonia. 



What is the aetiology ? 



It is secondary in the great majority of cases. It may be seen 

 in cases of purpura hsemorrhagica, glanders, pyaemia, and the like. 



It may arise from emboli in the capillaries of the pulmonary 

 artery; these emboli are formed from thrombi which break up and 

 get in the circulation of the capillaries of the pulmonary artery and 

 block them up and stop the circulation. 



Give the morbid anatomy. 



The pathology is about the same as lobar pneumonia, except 

 that the lobular structure is involved in this disease, whereas, in 

 lobar pneumonia, the lobes are affected. 



It seems to be restricted to certain spots or patches of con- 

 solidation. 



What are the symptoms? 



Most cases show symptoms of acute hronchitis, and, by exten- 

 sion, involve the air-cells of the lobules; the temperature rises; the 

 respirations become accelerated; a cough, which is short and pain- 

 ful, is present; the disease is usually slow in its course, and may 

 result in pulmonary emphysema or in death, either from oedema or 

 an extension of the processes. 



How is the diagnosis made ? 



There is, on percussion, dulness in patches over loth lungs 

 (Mlateral disease). 



This condition is principally seen in the horse on post mortem. 



Give the indications for treatment. 



Tonics and stimulants are useful, not forgetting to watch the 

 heart. Give alcohol, digitalis, chloride of ammonium, etc. 

 Treat as the symptoms require. 



CHRONIC INTERSTITIAL PNEUMONIA. 



What are the synonyms ? 



Cirrhosis of the lung; chronic pneumonia. 



