152 PRACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



Give the differential diagnosis between pleurisy and 

 bronchitis. 



In pleurisy the temperature is high at onset, then lower, while 

 in bronchitis the temperature is usually high; in pleurisy, on percus- 

 sion, second stage, flatness; while bronchitis — percussion — reso- 

 nance is obtained. 



In pleurisy, the pleuritic grunt; in bronchitis, sibilant and 

 sonorous rales during the first stage. In pleurisy, loss of all respira- 

 tory sound (second stage); in bronchitis, mucous rales coming and 

 going (second stage). 



The prognosis. 



It is most always grave, the animal usually dying from asthenia. 



As a rule, where there is a good deal of fibrine thrown out the 

 animals get better. 



If they eat well, and the fever is not too high in the beginning, 

 and the heart is strong, the prognosis is more favorable. 



The treatment of pleurisy. 



The indications are to get rid of the pain in the beginning and 

 the effusion in the second stage. At the onset, anodynes and seda- 

 tives are indicated; morphine with aconite is often beneficial. If, 

 on the other hand, the animal is very weak, stimulants are recom- 

 mended. 



To get rid of the effusion, purgatives should not be used, so 

 that we should call on the kidneys to act; nitrate of potassium in 

 half or ounce doses; iodide of potassium is good as a diuretic and 

 absorbent, but, as this interferes with the appetite in some cases, 

 it should not be used too long. Salicylate of soda, colchicum seed, 

 and digitalis are good. 



Nux vomica and arsenic are often beneficial; quinine with pep- 

 sine, for the appetite. Whiskey should be given if indicated. 



The local treatment. 



Counter-irritation, as mustard, is good, as is also the oil-silk 

 jacket. 



At times we have to use the fly blister or part fly and part red 

 iodide of mercury or tartar emetic, one drachm to the ounce of 

 blister. This is not likely to blemish. 



Clip off the hair and apply it. In some cases suppuration takes 

 place, the skin falls off, and the animal is marked for life, but this 



