DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. 165 



salivated, in sucli cases being hard and becoming lodged; pills 

 that are large, hard, and dry; then, too, stricture, tumors, etc., may 

 cause this condition. 



What may be the situation of the foreign body ? 



It may be situated in the pharyngeal part, in the cervical portion, 

 or in the thoracic portion. In the horse the principal situation is the 

 cervical part. 



What are the symptoms when the foreign body is situated 

 in the pharyngeal portion ? 



The symptoms are urgent, there is a spasmodic contraction of 

 the muscles of the neck, with arching of the neck, and efforts at 

 swallowing and regurgitation. 



Often dyspnoea is present; animal becomes uneasy and dis- 

 tressed. 



Salivation takes place, consisting of a thick and ropy material, 

 which denotes irritation of the glands of the fauces. 



In the fauces there are a great number of mucous glands, and 

 these pour out their secretions. 



We can often detect a swelling in the region of the pharynx; 

 or, if we pass our hand back in the mouth, the foreign body may 

 be felt. 



Give the symptoms when the body is situated in the 

 cervical portion. 



If the foreign body is situated in the cervical portion the s}Tnp- 

 toms are not so urgent, and in these cases we test by liquids, the 

 water going down as far as the obstruction, and then returning 

 through the nares and the mouth. 



Again, in some cases a marked prominence along the oesopha- 

 gus may be seen. 



What are the symptoms when the body is situated in 

 the thoracic portion ? 



When in the thoracic portion the s3'mptoms are often very ob- 

 scure; the animal will not eat much, and w^hen he does eat or drink 

 there is a regurgitation and a discharge through the nostrils and 

 mouth. 



Outline the treatment. 



The indication is to get rid of the body; manipulations exter- 

 nally; or if it be in the pharynx, manipulations internally. If the 



