172 PEACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



Give the treatment. 



Good hygiene is of primary importance, as is the diet; feeding 

 with, small quantities and at frequent intervals. Give water with 

 the chill taken off in cold weather. 



If the stomach is overcharged, glauber salts and tartar emetic 

 or small doses of calomel may be given; purgatives in small and 

 broken doses. We probably give puagatives in this manner too 

 little; it is no doubt a nice way to administer them. Eserine and 

 pilocarpine cause evacuations. 



The sulphite of soda is good if tympanites is present. Creoline 

 and carbolic acid are also used. Pepsine and hydrochloric acid 

 can be given to assist digestion; also ginger, bismuth, and sodium 

 bicarbonate are indicated, as are nux vomica and Fowler's solution. 

 If diarrhoea and colic are present, we use dry food and astringents, 

 as opium and tannic acid. Starch in the drinking-water is good. 



CHEONIC GASTKITIS. 



Name the synonym. 



Chronic dyspepsia; chronic indigestion; chronic catarrh of 

 the stomach. 



Define chronic gastritis. 



This is an inflammation of the stomach, chronic in its course, 

 characterized by thickening of the mucous membrane and organic 

 changes of the gastric glands, associated with an increased forma- 

 tion of mucus with an irregular appetite. 



What is the morbid anatomy? 



The mucous membrane is of a red, brown, or slate color, is 

 thickened in ridges and covered with a thick whitish and sticky 

 mucus; the gastric glands increase in size at first, but soon atrophy. 



Give the aetiology. 



It may be caused by errors in the diet, as fast eating, improper 

 mastication, large draughts of water. Chronic gastritis may be 

 associated with rachitis, anaemia, and diabetes; other causes are 

 ulcer or dilatation of the stomach, chronic lung, heart, or liver 

 diseases. 



What are the symptoms? 



The appetite is variable, at times being impaired, at other 

 times good. The tongue is coated, the edges often red; a sour odor 



