DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. 179 



What are the causes ? 



In many cases stricture of a portion of the intestines pre- 

 disposes this condition. Spasm of the muscular tissue may be a 

 cause. 



This condition causes an interference with the circulation, 

 producing death of the part. 



How may these conditions be diagnosed? 



Symptoms of colic are present, which continue, treatment giv- 

 ing no relief; there is pawing almost continually of one front foot; 

 the animal will usually stand, although occasionally going down. 



No fever at first; later the temperature rises a degree or so, 

 reaching possibly 104° or 105° F. several hours before death. The 

 pulse becomes weak, the animal sweats, which is at first warm, but 

 later cold. 



These conditions can only be suspected during life, and ought 

 to be verified by a post-mortem. 



What can be done for these cases? 



Antispasmodics, as opium, belladonna, cannabis indica, chloral, 

 chloroform, ether. 



Oils, flaxseed tea, enemas, purges hypodermically or intrave- 

 nously may be used. 



Laparotomy is indicated, but this is very difficult in the horse. 



It could be tried in the dog, as it is commonly performed with 

 success in the human subject. 



Linseed oil may be tried; eserine also. 



ENTEKITIS. 



Give the synonyms. 



Inflammation of the bowels. 



What is enteritis ? 



This is an inflammation of the intestines, characterized by 

 more or less fever and continual pain. 



What is duodenitis ? 



This is an inflammation of the duodenum. 



What is the term used to denote an inflammation of the 

 ileum ? 



Ileitis. 



