186 PRACTICE OP EQUINE MEDICINE. 



What are the symptoms ? 



The conjunctiva or the sclerotic coat of the eye assumes a yel- 

 lowish color, which varies in density; in the human subject the 

 skin becomes yellow, which may be occasionally seen in the lower 

 animals, especially those that are light colored. There may be 

 certain cutaneous lesions, such as lichen, urticaria, and the like, 

 present in some cases. The secretions are colored with bile pig- 

 ment. The urine may contain pigment, which can be discovered 

 by means of Gmelin's test and other tests for bile. In these cases 

 very little, if any, bile passes into the intestines, and for this reason 

 the faeces are clay colored and pasty. Constipation is present in 

 most cases. The pulse may become slow, and in some cases there 

 ' may be certain cerebral symptoms, such as delirium or coma. 



The symptoms of non-obstructive jaundice are obscure. 



What is the treatment ? 



We look for the trouble causing this symptom and treat it. 

 Keep up the action of the kidneys by diuretics. Unload the portal 

 system by purgatives, especially salines. 



HYPEEiEMIA OF THE LIVEE. 



Give the synonyms. 



Congestion of the liver; hepatic hyperasmia. 



Give the definition. 



This may be defined to be an increased amount of blood in 

 the arteries or in the veins of the liver. 



Name the forms. 



There are two forms, the active and tTie passive. 



Define each. 



Active hepatic hypercemia is where there is an increased amount 

 of blood in the arterial system of the liver. 



This condition is seen temporarily as a physiological condi- 

 tion after each meal, caused by the rapid absorption by the portal 

 vessels. By persistently over-feeding this congestion may be made 

 to cause functional disturbance. The symptoms of this form are 

 not well defined. 



Passive hepatic congestion of the liver is where there is a dam- 

 ming back of blood in the venous system. 



