202 PRACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



Give the causes. 



It may be associated with pyelitis, pyelonephritis, cystitis, 

 urethritis, leucorrhoea, or abscesses rupturing into the urinary 

 passages. 



What is the treatment ? 



Look for the cause and location and treat the case as is required. 



ANUEIA. 



Give the definition. 



By this is meant a total suppression of urine from any cause. 



What may cause this condition? 



In renal congestion where the urine is not formed; calculi 

 blocking the ureters; various poisons; collapse after injuries or 

 operations; nervous irritation. 



What symptoms may arise ? 



This condition is somewhat rare, although the laity call our 

 attention to it quite frequently in cases of colic or enteritis. 



It is seen in spinal meningitis and azoturia, and also tem- 

 porarily in colics due to spasm. 



What can be done for these cases? 



Purges, diuretics, diaphoretics, antispasmodics, according to 

 the indications. 



Locally, hot applications, blisters, or liniments to the loins. 



Catheterization should be resorted to, and, if necessary, con- 

 tinued once or twice a day. 



INCONTINENCE OF URINE. 



What is understood by this condition ? 



This is the opposite of the foregoing and characterized by 

 more or less constant drihiling of the urine. 



Give the aetiology. 



It may be caused by injury to the spinal cord or some irritation 

 to that part or other nervous mechanism connected with these 

 structures, which causes the urine to dribble away as fast as it is 

 secreted. 



