224 PEACTICE OF EQUINE MEDICINE. 



secondary fever, by the inequality of the pupils, and by a paralysis 

 remaining after consciousness is regained. 



What is the differential diagnosis between cerebral con- 

 gestion and cerebral hemorrhage? 



In cerebral congestion there may be loss of consciousness, but 

 it is only transient, and there is no paralysis that is permanent. 



How may coma of cerebral apoplexy be differentiated 

 from coma of opium poisoning ? 



By the primary depression, by secondary fever, by the devia- 

 tion of the head and eyes, by the pupils not being equal, and by 

 the signs of paralysis. 



Give the prognosis. 



These cases usually die or are destroyed. Mild cases may re- 

 cover, with a paralysis of the ears, lips, etc., remaining. 



What can be done for these cases ? 



The indications are to lessen the amount of blood to the part, 

 and thus stop the hemorrhage. Purges to determine the blood 

 to other parts. 



Locally, cold applications to the head; later, blisters or setons 

 may be indicated. 



Iodide of potassium, colchicum, etc., to get rid of the results 

 of hemorrhage. 



CEEEBEAL EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS. 



Define each. 



Cerebral embolism is a plugging or stopping up of the 

 cerebral vessels by any substance, characterized by loss of conscious- 

 ness, convulsions, and possibly paralysis. 



Cerebral thrombosis is a partial or complete obstruction 

 of any portion of the circulatory apparatus of the brain with blood 

 that has coagulated in the vessels or by any morbid product. 



What are the causes ? 



Embolism may be the result of vegetations from the valves of 

 the heart being washed into the stream, or it may arise from a 

 thrombus or may be the result of a fragment of calcareous material. 



Thrombosis is most frequently caused by some vascular dis- 



