DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 225 



ease. Enfeebled vitality and circulation and a condition of the 

 blood to coagulate more readily are the principal causes. 



How would you distinguish between the symptoms of 

 cerebral embolism and those of cerebral hemor- 

 rhage ? ^ 



The age may aid us, as cerebral hemorrhage is more likely to 

 occur in old age, embolism in the young. 



Cerebral hemorrhage is associated with diseases of the blood- 

 vessels, while embolism is seen with cardiac disease. 



In cerebral hemorrhage convulsions are not likely to be present, 

 as they are in embolism, while paralysis of half the body follows 

 hemorrhage. 



Give the differential diagnosis between cerebral throm- 

 bosis and cerebral hemorrhage. 



The symptoms of thrombosis come on more or less gradually, 

 while those of hemorrhage are sudden and are associated with loss 

 of consciousness. 



Convulsions are present with thrombosis, but are localized; 

 if present with hemorrhage they are general. 



Conditions of depression point toward thrombosis, while con- 

 ditions of excitement favor hemorrhage. 



In hemorrhage the arterial tension is high; in thrombosis the 

 circulation may be stagnant and the animal debilitated. 



What are the indications for treatment ? 



The treatment is not satisfactory. If the heart is weak, give 

 stimulants and digitalis. Iodide of potassium is useful. 

 Laxatives may be indicated, but not severe purges. 



ENCEPHALITIS. 



What are the synonyms ? 



Cerebritis; meningitis; arachnitis; pachymeningitis; lepto- 

 meningitis. 



Define each. 



Encephalitis is an inflammation of the contents of the cranial 

 cavity. 



Cerebritis may be defined to be an inflammation of the cere- 

 brum proper. 



