390 HISTORY OF CALIFORNIA. 



and with counsel, as in civil actions. No person shall 

 be subject to be twice put in jeopardy for the same 

 offence ; nor shall he be compelled, in any criminal 

 case, to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived 

 of life, liberty, or property, without due process of 

 law ; nor shall private property be taken for public 

 use without just compensation. 



Sec. 9. Every citizen may freely speak, write, and 

 publish his sentiments on all subjects, being respon- 

 sible for the abuse of that right ; and no law shall be 

 passed to restrain or abridge the liberty of speech or 

 of the press. In all criminal prosecutions on indict- 

 ments for libels, the truth may be given in evidence 

 to the jury ; and if it shall appear to the jury that 

 the matter charged as libellous is true, and was pub- 

 lished with good motives and for justifiable ends, the 

 party shall be acquitted : and the jury shall have the 

 right to determine the law and the fact. 



Sec. 10. The people shall have the right freely to 

 assemble together, to consult for the common good, to 

 instruct their representatives, and to petition the legis- 

 lature for redress of grievances. 



Sec. 11. All laws of a general nature shall have a 

 uniform operation. 



Sec. 12. The military shall be subordinate to the 

 civil power. No standing army shall be kept up by 

 this State in time of peace ; and in time of war no 

 appropriation for a standing army shall be for a 

 longer time than two years. 



Sec 13. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be 

 quartered in any house, without the consent of the 

 owner ; nor in time of war, except in the manner to 

 be prescribed by law. 



