414 HISTORY OF CALIFORNIA. 



duly made, shall be invalidated, for want of confor- 

 mity to the requirements of any religious sect. 



Sec. 13. Taxation shall be equal and uniform 

 throughout the State. All property, in this State, 

 shall be taxed in proportion to its value, to be ascer- 

 tained as directed by law ; but assessors and collectors 

 of town, county, and State taxes, shall be elected by 

 the qualified electors of the district, county, or town, 

 in which the property taxed for State, county, or 

 town purposes is situated. 



Sec. 14. All property, both real and personal, of 

 the wife, owned or claimed by her before marriage, 

 and that acquired afterwards by gift, devise, or 

 descent, shall be her separate property; and laws 

 shall be passed more clearly defining the rights of the 

 wife, in relation as well to her separate property, as 

 to that held in common with her husband. Laws 

 shall also be passed providing for the restoration of 

 the wife's separate property. 



Sec. 15. The Legislature shall protect by law, from 

 forced sale, a certain portoin of the homestead and 

 other property of all heads of families. 



Sec. 16. No perpetuities shall be allowed, except 

 for eleemosynary purposes. 



Sec. 17. Every person shall be disqualified from 

 holding any office of profit in this State, who shall 

 have been convicted of having given or offered a bribe, 

 to procure his election or appointment. 



Sec. 18. Laws shall be made to exclude from office, 

 serving on juries, and from the right of suffrage, those 

 who shall hereafter be convicted of bribery, perjury, 

 forgery, or other high crimes. The privilege of free 

 suffrage shall be supported by laws regulating elec- 

 tions, and prohibiting, under adequate penalties, all 



