WHAT IS DARWINISM? 175 



and useful lines of irrigation.' " ^ If Mr. Dar- 

 win does not agree with Dr. Gray, Dr. Gray 

 does not ao;ree with Mr. Darwin. It is as to 

 the exclusion of design from the operations of 

 nature that our American, differs from the Eng- 

 lish, naturalist. This is the vital point. The N 

 denial of final causes is the formative idea of 

 Darwin's theory, and therefore no teleologist 

 can be a Darwinian. ^ 



Dr. Gray quotes from another writer the sen- 

 tence, " It is a singular fact, that when we can 

 find how anything is done, our first conclusion 

 seems to be that God did not do it; " and then 

 adds, " I agree with the writer that this first 

 conclusion is premature and unworthy ; I 

 will add, deplorable. Through what faults of 

 dogmatism on the one hand, and skepticism on 

 the other, it came to be so thought, we need 

 not here consider. Let us hope, and I confi- 

 dently expect, that it is not to last ; that the 

 relio-ious faith which survived without a shock 

 the notion of the fixedness of the earth itself, 

 may equally outlast the notion of the absolute 

 fixedness of the species which inhabit it ; that 

 in the future, even more than in the past, faith 



1 Variation of Plants and Animals under Domestication. New 

 York, 1868, vol. ii. pp. 515, 516. 



