66 A YEAR OF COSTA RICAN NATURAL HISTORY 



to the naked eye, very few of the longitudinal rows of pits 

 and punctures so easily seen on the preceding species; on the 

 other hand his prothorax has a more roughened surface. 

 He too has but one horn and that on his head, but it is curved 

 more strongly backward so that the interval between it and 

 the prothorax is much less. The latter has no horn or knob 

 but is flattened and smoother on the middle of its forward 

 half. We did not take the female of this species. As de- 

 scribed by M. Chevrolat, she differs by the horn on the head 

 being triangular, its base occupying the entire width of the 

 head, and her thorax more distinctly pitted. 



Pinotus (or Copris) carolimis, the largest of the dung- 

 beetles of the eastern United States, was also at Cartago, 

 with its broad body, 7-grooved wing-covers and steep fronted 

 prothorax, and his flat head bears a single broad horn notched 

 at its tip. 



Coelosis biloba did not meet us at Cartago but was at 

 Cachi and at Juan Vifias and may occur at the higher town. 

 He is i^ inches long, of a reddish-brown which becomes 

 darker to blackish on the front of the prothorax and on the 

 head. The latter has a stout horn which is curved upward 

 and then backward through more than a quadrant, so that 

 its pointed tip lies in the interval between the two broad 

 and rather thin prongs of a great forwardly-directed projec- 

 tion from the prothorax. These prongs diverge (as one 

 looks at the beetle from above) and each ends in a tip which 

 is cut squarely across. The female offers a striking contrast 

 owing to the total absence of both horn and thoracic projec- 

 tion. 



Megaceros philoctetes male, which was at Cartago in 

 March, develops the horns of Coelosis to a greater degree. 

 This is a heavier beetle although of the same length, its 

 color is a blackish-brown, its wing-covers without conspicuous 

 lines or furrows as Coelosis has them. The horn on the head 



