NATURAL HISTORY WORK IN CART AGO 79 



known member in the United States) a group characterized 

 among other features by the possession, in the males only, 

 of the pair of anal hair tufts. Lycorea atergatis is found 

 from the State of Vera Cruz, Mexico, to Peru. 



Off to one side of the Shady Lane, close to the fence where 

 the ground was higher than in the center, was a tiny by-path 

 running under the big trees and vines. Here we were in a 

 deep arbor of shade, very narrow to be sure but thick enough 

 to be quite dark, and here were often flying numbers of 

 the beautiful clear-winged Ithomiine butterflies. These 

 have very few scales, only along the wing margins and on 

 some of the principal veins, the rest of the wing being as 

 transparent as a fly's. They are exceedingly hard to follow 

 as they fly in these dark places. Occasionally they issued 

 into the clearer sunlight but were far more common in the 

 shade. 



The Ithomiine butterflies, like the Danaine, are Nympha- 

 lids but their males, instead of possessing the anal hair 

 pencils, have one or more tufts on the upper surface of each 

 hind wing near its front edge. On June 17th, three species 

 of these Ithomiinae were taken in this little stretch of the 

 lane — Dircenna klugii (zVs to 2^ inches spread) with the 

 margins and bands of the front wing and the margins of the 

 hind wing pale blackish-brown, the transparent membranes, 

 especially of the hind wings, with a reddish tinge; Episcada 

 apuleia (one and seven-eighths inches spread) with the mem- 

 brane very clear, the margins and veins narrowly blackish- 

 or reddish-brown, a milky spot at the front edge of the hind 

 wings; and Ithomia heraldica (two and one-eighth to two and 

 one-fourth inches spread) a non-transparent species, whose 

 front wings are reddish-brown at base, the rest blackish- 

 brown with yellow spots, the hind wings semi-transparent 

 pale reddish-brown with narrow blackish-brown margins. 



In June, when the morning sunlight was particularly 



