LOWER NEIGHBORS OF CART AGO 145 



hood. As I walked back to Cartago, every now and then, 

 looking over wide open fields, I could see the same species in 

 apparently equal numbers flying toward the east, none 

 returning. How wide the area of flight was I do not know, 

 but it was certainly not less than half a mile and may have 

 been much more, as I have no reason to think that the narrow 

 lane was specially favored by them. Half a mile and the 

 count I made would give 285,120 butterflies for the hour and 

 a half during which I specially noticed them, and they were 

 flying both before and after this time, for my route back 

 to Cartago led across their path to some extent, until I 

 reached coffee plantations surrounded by high hedges so 

 that further observation was impossible. 



On June 23 we went to Juan Vinas and almost every day 

 that we were there we saw large numbers of the same species 

 of butterfly. On June 30 they were particularly numerous 

 between 11 A. M. and 2 P. M. although not confined to 

 those hours. At Juan Vinas also they flew eastward against 

 a wind (which was strong enough at times to give the butter- 

 flies much difficulty to make their way against it) and went 

 on without stopping for flowers or other objects on the way. 

 At times they were so numerous that they resembled brown 

 autumn leaves swept along by wind. By actual count 394 

 of this one species passed an imaginary line between our 

 cabin and the railroad station during the five minutes be- 

 tween 12.30 and 12.35 P. M., the distance between these 

 two points being about one hundred feet. This means 14,184 

 butterflies for the three hours alone, within this one hundred 

 feet, as we have no data on the total area over which the 

 insects were flying. We have already mentioned, page 105, 

 seeing this same species in migration at Tierra Blanca on 

 July 10. 



On most of the roads leading southward from Cartago 

 we saw many brickyards. The clay was mixed in a circular 



