420 Mr. R. Warington on Artificial Sea Water. 



notation is so readily capable of facilitating these deductions, 

 there is no difficulty in at once arriving at the correct relations. 

 Thus, the gallon of water being equal to 10 pounds, if we wish 

 to estimate the proportions of materials for that quantity, or for 

 100 pounds, 10 gallons, it only requires that the decimal point 

 should be removed, in the first case, two figures, or, in the latter, 

 one figure to the left, and we have the whole operation com- 

 pleted and the result exhibited in decimal fractions of the pound ; 

 thus for 100 lbs. or 10 gallons : — 



Chloride of sodium . . . 2-706 



„ of magnesium . 0*367 



„ of potassium . . 0*076 



Bromide of magnesium . - 003 ("anhydrous = 0*472 



Sulphate of magnesia . . 0*230\ crystals. 



of lime. . . . 0*140 f anhydrous = 0*1 78 



Carbonate of lime . . . 0*003 \_ crystallized sulphate. 



It will be observed, that in order to simplify the notation 1 

 have decreased the extended places of decimals and employed 

 the nearest amount to such fraction, by this means throwing off 

 three places of figures. Then by reducing these decimal frac- 

 tions to the nearest value in terms of avoirdupoise pounds and 

 ounces, the proportions will stand thus for the 100 pounds of 

 water produced : — 



Gosse. 



Chloride of sodium 43^ ounces. 35 ounces. 



„ of magnesium .... 6 „ 4|- „ 



„ of potassium .... 1| „ 0^ „ 



Bromide of magnesium .... 21 grains. 



Sulphate of magnesia anhydrous "1 yi 91 



3foz.= crystals J '* ° unCeS - **» " 



Sulphate of lime anhydrous 2\ oz.~l 95 



= crystallized J ^ " 



Carbonate of lime 21 grains. 



In order to exhibit the extent of the error I have alluded to, 

 I have placed in the adjoining column the proportions deduced 

 by Mr. Gosse from the same analysis and for the same quantity 

 of water, one of the ingredients having been omitted, besides the 

 two that exist in so small a quantity. Now, as Dr. Schweitzer's 

 analysis is on a given weight of which the saline ingredients 

 constitute a part, it becomes necessary to deduct their weight 

 from the 10 gallons of water employed; this, it will be seen, 

 amounts to 60| ounces, or in round numbers to 60 ounces, 

 which is equal to three imperial pints, so that 9 gallons and 

 5 pints will be the true proportion of water to be used. 



The next point that presents itself is as to the best mode of 



