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WORMS 



1. Shape of body — flat, round, or rigid. 



2. Symmetry. — (See p. 34.) 



3. Body Slruclure. — (a) Skeleton, p. 34. 



(6) Ccelom, or body cavity, pp. 34, 41, 65. 

 (c) Segmentation, pp. 41, 65. 



4. Body. — Form, color, covering, and locomotion in the different 

 branches of worms. 



5. Compare the flat worms and the round worms as to: form, body 

 structure^ feeding habits, habitats, use and harm to other animals and to 

 man. 



6. Annidatn. — Compare this branch (p. 65) with the Flat Worms (p. 

 34) and the Round Worms (p. 41), as in 5. 



7. Variation. — What variations do you discover in shape, size, color, 

 covering, feeding habits, habitats, and dispersal in the three branches of 

 worms compared? 



8. Economics. — Make a list of worms considered from pp. 34-50, and 

 from pp. 65-71, and state their interest to man and other animals. 



9. Animal Behavior. — Do you discover any advance in animal mind 

 (p. 8) in worms over other animals so far studied? See Laboratory Guide, 

 pp. 12-16, for Animal Behavior. 



10. Do you discover any increasing complexity in body structure and 

 mind manifestations in worms over other forms so far studied? If so, what? 



11. Read and report on Darwin's Earthworm. 



12. In the threefold struggle for existence and the fivefold environment, 

 which of the eight factors is most apparent in the existence of worms? 



13. "Worms are distinguished by shape. For amid the diversity we 

 discover affinities with coelenterates, echinoderms, arthropods, molluscs, 

 and vertebrates" (Thompson). 



What affinities can you discover between worms and the forms Thomp- 

 son names? Consider also the larval stages. 



14. Discuss manner and means of nutrition, multiplication, locomotion, 

 defense, and behavior of worms. 



15. What is a worm? Why is a worm a worm? Is it because of heredity, 

 environment, or both? Can it or will it be, was it ever anything else than 

 a worm? 



16. Structure and Function of (he Worm-body: 



(1) The Dermal System. Describe the skin, its structure, glands, and 

 covering, if any. 



(2) The Muscular System. Note contractility and locomotion. 



(3) The Skeleton — the supporting apparatus or framework of the body. 

 Do worms have a skeleton? If so, what is it? 



