Miscellaneous. 211 



lain and sliouklcr a small granuliform crest ; body bfiieatli 

 covered with a long brownish-fulvous pubescence, but whitisli 

 on the nietastcrnum ; femora darkish but fading to a pale 

 colour on the tibia3 and tarsi ; antennae fulvous brown, base of 

 all the joints, from the third inclusive, paler. Length 14 

 lines. 



In the same Proceedings, I. c, I proposed Oj^ejjharus as a 

 generic name for Monochamus tndentatus, Cliev.* {si</nator, 

 Pasc), differing from AntJiores in its longer antenna? in the 

 male (twice as long as the body), with the last joint subulate, 

 the elytra strongly crested at the base, the fore legs of the 

 male longer and more robust than the others, and the meta- 

 sternum not elongate. M. as2)erulus^ Whitef, should be re- 

 feiTed to the same genus. 



MISCELLAjS^EOUS. 



Oti the Marine Forms of Crustacea ivli'uh inliahh the Fresh Waters of 

 Southern Europe. By Prof. Hellek. 



Every one knows the curious discoveries made by Prof. Loven upon 

 the presence in the Wenem and Wetter lakes of animals identical 

 with species belonging to the Frozen Ocean. The S^vedish naturalist 

 has adduced this identity as CAidence in favour of the union of these 

 lakes with the sea at a period anterior to history. These discoveries 

 directed attention to the fauna of the lakes situated south of the 

 Alps. As early as 1857, E. von Martens described a series of fishes 

 and Crustacea which, although Hving in various Itahau lakes, i)re- 

 Bcnt the characters of Mediterranean species J:. Such are, amongst 

 fishes, Bhnnius vulr/aris, Pall., from the lakes of Garda and Albano, 

 Atherina lacustns, Bon., from the lakes of Albano and Nemi, and, 

 lastly, Gobius JluviatUis, Bon., from the lake of Garda and the neigh- 

 bourhood of Padua, — and amongst the Crustacea, Pakrmon lacusfris, 

 Llart., from the lake of Albano, TJielphiisa JluviatUis, Latr., from 

 the lakes of Albano and Nemi, and, lastly, Spluvroma fossarum. 

 Mart., from the Pontine Marshes. These facts have already been 

 employed by M. Sartorius von Waltershauseu in his investigation of 

 the climates of the present and of former periods. This savant en- 

 deavours to cstal)lish that the lakes situated south of the Alps were 

 formerly in communication with the sea, and are only the remains 

 of ancient fiords. Geological changes, by sejjarating tliem from the 

 sea, converted them into basins of brackish water, which were gra- 

 dually dejirived of their salt, with a rajndity difl'eriug according to 

 the abundance of river-water flowing into them. These lacustrino 



♦ Silberniann's Rev. i. No. 0, pi. 7. 

 t Proc. Zool. Soc. 1858, p. 411. 

 t See ' Aunals,' eer. 3. vol. i. p. -jO. 



