Ttmm mwmmmiGMM msm j&^mmmi^. 



A. E. N. Rich-iEthel Etherhm.l 



Henceforth in this bciiutiful land of ours. 

 One tJower is to be the tiower of flowers — 

 Our national emblem, our s>'nibol of might, 

 Of patriotism, of truth and riKht. 



Of our floral beaties from sea to sea. 



Countless and curious, " Which shall it be ?" 



Shall it be the lily so pure and fair ; 



Fit emblem alike for bridal or bier ? 



Or the queenly rose, white, pink or red— 



A coronet foi" a queenly head ? 



Or bri;^ht-eyed pansy ? Heart's-ease,if you will, 



Sotnuchingly tender, so thoujrhtfuUy still — 



Or the daisy ? where meadow grasses wave, 



In rocky rook, or by poet's prrave — 



Or tiailing- arbutus ? daintily sweet, 



In mossy bed nt the tall pine's feet — 



The first swoct liarbin^cr of spring, 



Faiut-tin^ed with the red of the robin's wing : 



Though full of fragrance, yet lacking power. 



Too d:iinty— too scarce for the national flower. 



Or morning-glory ':* of varied hue. 



From \ he whitest white to the bluest blue— 



Or brilliant jtoppy, with tasseled head 



Of golden glory or richest red. 



Or the (jassion flower tinged to its petal tips 



With the crimson blood of a martyr's lips, 



Or the brilliantly beautiful orchids rare. 



Oft twined in the gipsy maiden's hair. 



The snowball, peony, "trumpet flower. 



Of pi'imitive Puritan pride and power ? 



Orstatel.v sunflower, with gold-flecked disk. 



And golden ra.vs which a woi'ld might risk ':* 



Into every heart it hath found its wa.v 



For its loyalty to the god of day, 



And bears the likeness upon its face 



Of the god it turns to with modest grace. 



The floral symbol of life and light. 



Like the sun by day, like the stars by night. 



What is liberty but the light of truth? 



"What is life but love s fount of eternal youth? 



What more beautiful tliought could one flower 



hold 

 Than this gold-eyed gem in its settings of gold? 

 Pi'oudly the floral woi'ld might yield 

 To have it emblazoned on flag and shield ; 

 But a floral rival, n(jr friend nor foe. 

 In like gold-wrought uniform all aglow. 

 Has leaped to the front with a strong, swift 



hound 

 And witli pride is holding the vantage ground, 

 As though let slip from the hand of God 

 And christened in falling, "the golden-rod." 



Tall and graceful ils golden plumes 

 Wa.N'sifle, foi-est and licld illumes. 

 Anil it gaily nods In c:u-li juisserby. 

 Whether nnm of wisdom or maiden shy — 

 The .youthful, the aged, the great, the small. 

 It has a bow and a smile for ail- 

 Truly American ; wonderful flower. 



With the candidate's politic, pleasing power, 



'Tis the flower of freedom ! for ever.vwhere 



It raiseth ui> like the voice of prayer — 



S^iringing spontaneous from the soil 



>\ itli never a mark of mire or moil ; 



Wheresoever the f<»<il of nuin hath trod 



He inith mcasvn-ed all UiiTigs with a golden-rod. 



Tis the magic staff that lets him in 



To the homes of virtue, the haunts of sin— 



The wand that heals like an angel's wing 



The heart of peasant, priest, poet, king. 



Dame Nature, evei- true to her law 



Of correspondence, its beaut.\' saw. 



And scattered it broa^lcast over the earth 



To s.vmbolize true wealth and worth. 



It is destined the flower of flowers to he 



In the " the land of the brave, the home of the 



free !" 

 Tlie ensign to herald a nation's power. 

 The golden censor ; the peo]ile s flower. — Sel. 



Full Sheets of Foiindalion vs. 

 Starters in Sections. 



Written lor the American Bee Journal 



These reasons are enough, without any 

 mythical, percentage reason.—- J. M. Shuck. 

 This question cannot be answered defi- 

 nitely. It depends upon many things 

 which are uncertain. The difference is 

 probably very little. — The Editor. 



Our Preniinni-l>iMl Siipplemenl 



describes many articles of great merit, and 

 that are useful in every family. We have 

 carefully selected them to offer as premiums 

 for getting up clubs for our Jouhn.\ls. We 

 do this to ituhtce our friends to devote a 

 few hours of labor for us. Our Jouiinals 

 are tirst-class in their lines, and are needed 

 everywhere. We do not want any one's 

 labor withoutreinuneration.aud the articles 

 offered will i)ay for the labor of getting up 

 clubs, and thus the arrangement will prove 

 to be for our mutual advantage. 



Query 677.— What per cent, more honey 

 will be stored when using full sheets of foun- 

 dation in sections without separators, than 

 when using one-inch starters, and no separa- 

 tors ?— C. P. 



Not any. — Will M. Barnum. 



Nobody knows. — M. Mahix. 



My experience says " uo more." — H. D. 

 Cutting. 



I have had no experience without foun- 

 dation or separators. — A. B. Mason. 



I do not know any one who can exactly 

 teU.— C. C. Miller. 



Considerably more — perhaps 25 percent, 

 in a good season. — C. H. Dibbern. 



I will venture to say one-fourth more, 

 but it may be more or less. — J.M.HAMBAueii. 



I cannot answer; it varies greatly. On 

 the whole, I think that it pays to use foun- 

 dation. — A. J. Cook. 



A pound of beeswax costs 10 to 15 

 pounds of honey to the bees, so you can 

 count it for yourself. — Dadan't & Sox. 



It is hard to determine. By using full 

 sheets of foundation, the bees are more 

 facilitated in their preparatory work. — J. 

 P. H. Broivx. 



The difference would vary with the de- 

 gree of the honey-How, etc., and no safer 

 ausw'er can be given. — R. L. Taylor. 



If the season is a good one, you will likely 

 be surprised to see how little the difference 

 is. In my experience, the difference is not 

 enough to make up for the leatheiy septum 

 that full sheets of foundation give to the 

 honey. — G. W. Dem.iree. 



I do not know. I do not use full sheets of 

 foundation, for beeswax will not digest in 

 my stomach. — Mrs. L. H.i.RRi80N. 



Much depends upou the time of j'ear. 

 temperature, honey -flow, and other condi- 

 tions. Sometimes, no more; and again, 

 double the amount. — James Heddon. 



That depends upou whether the honey- 

 flow is light and of long duration, or heavy 

 and of short duration. More honey will 

 generally be secured when full sheets are 

 used, especially with a light honey-flow. — 



G. M. DOOLITTLE. 



In my opinion, not so large a per cent, as 

 we have been made to believe. I believe 

 that a straight starter of foundation one 

 inch wide is enough. — G. L. Tinker. 



I have never tested this matter on large 

 enough scale to speak positively, but 1 

 think that they will store more. That, 

 however, is not the only reason for using 

 full sheets — they fill the section more 

 nicely. — Eugene Secor. 



It would depend upon the locality, to 

 some extent. In my own, where honey 

 comes in slowly, owing to lack of bloom, 

 the foundation will give a considerably 

 larger amount. Where honey comes in 

 rapidly, I do not think much if any ditt'er- 

 ence will be found. Much will depend 

 upon whether the colony is composed of 

 young or old bees. — J. E. Pond. 



This all depends, and depends and de- 

 pends. Ordinarily it is better to use full 

 sheets of foundation, if it is nice, and as 

 thin as can be made. The ordinary apiarist 

 can get more honey, as a usual thing, and 

 certainly in better shape with foundation, 

 than without, and the crop ships better. 



Proper Width of I -Pound Sec- 

 tions "Without Separators. 



irritfe?i for the American Bee Jmi/mal 



Query 678.— What is the proper width for 

 the one-pound section (4}ix-t}i inches) when 

 used without separators ?— W. C. 



One and -/i inches.— M. Mahix. 

 One and "s inches. — U.adaxt & Son. 

 One and Jj inches is a good width. — C. C. 

 Miller. 

 One and i.j to IJ^ inches. — J. M. Shuck. 



One and 23-32 inches, or 7-to-the-foot. — 

 R. L. Taylor. 



One and 51" inches, or 7-to-the-foot. — 

 EuGEXE Secor. 



One and 'i' inches, but for safe, salable 

 sections, separators are indispensable. — J. 

 M. Hambaugh. 



I use a l?4-pound section, making the 

 same 2 inches wide. — G. M. Doolittle. 



One and ■';' inches, or 7-to-the-foot pleases 

 me well. — A. J. Cook. 



I find that l-^i inches, if nearly filled with 

 foundation; but with separators, 1% is bet- 

 ter, as you get nearer to one-pound — H. D. 

 Cuttixg. 



I do not know. Our "great li,ghts " dif- 

 fer on this subject, but about 22 cubic 

 inches of comb honey weigh a pound, and 

 there will be more honey in sections where 

 separators are not used, than where they 

 are. — A. B. Mason. 



One and "^ inches. Sections of even 

 weight cannot be produced without full 

 sheets of foundation, and separators. — C.H. 



DiBBERN. 



Just l-'.i inches scant, or 7-to-the-foot, 

 either with or without separators. That 

 seeius strange, doesn't it; I would not have 

 thought that the same width was right, 

 both with and without separators, had I not 

 proven it by radical and repeated tests. — 

 James Heddon. 



I believe that the 7-to-the-foot section is 

 best. Avithout separators ; but I could not 

 advise the most painstaking to use sections 

 without separators. If we would produce 

 the choicest comb honej-, we must use wood 

 separators, and the open-side sections. — G. 

 L. Tinker. 



After tr3'ing the different widths made, I 

 prefer l,^.i inches as the liest width where 

 no separators are used ; and as I do not care 

 to be bothered with more than one size or 

 width, I use the l?j', with or without sep- 

 arators.— G. W. Demaree. 



About 1 ^ inches, in my judgment. Some 

 bee-keepers of experience prefer 1}{, and 

 some 1^;' inches. In no case will sections 

 be tilled so as to weigh just a pouud each — 

 a variation of 2 to 4 ounces will usually be 

 found.— J. E. Pond. 



Two inches is as wide as a section should 

 be. but a i'^^xi^i section, 2 inches wide, 

 will not hold one pound, unless it is un- 

 usually well filled out. Sections 1% or 1% 

 will be filled out nicer and more perfectly 

 than wider ones, although they will not 

 hold a pound, if only 4!4x4}^ inches. — J. P. 

 H. Brown. 



Aliout 7 -to-the-f oot ; but separators should 

 be used, unless the greatest care is taken to 

 assort when packing in crates for the mar- 

 ket, to prevent rubbing and leakage. — The 

 I Editor. 



