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bees ?" The affirmative was taken, 

 that any one had the moral or legal 

 right, but not the moral right to move 

 into an already occupied range ; also 

 that every person should not attempt 

 to keep bees, on account of inability, 

 incompetency, or neglect. The fol- 

 lowing discussion then occuiTed : 



J. H. Jones — I believe that a man 

 has to be adapted to the business, love 

 it, never tire to talk of it, or be afraid 

 of bee-stings. 



The Secretai-y modified the question 

 thus: "Is it profitable for anybody, 

 or everybody, to keep bees ?" 



R. G. Robertson — Any one who is 

 not so nervous as to fight the bees 

 when they come about them ; fighting 

 the bees will cause them to sting the 

 family and stock. Some men are 

 born bee-keepers — some are made. 

 Some are not born, nor ever can be 

 made such. A man ought to have a 

 fancy for it, and study it, to make it 

 profitable. 



P. Baldwin — My experience is that 

 many farmers have not the time to 

 give the attention that bees need, and 

 when their bees fail, often claim rob- 

 bery on the part of others. 



H. C. Williams — I believe that many 

 should be discouraged from keeping 

 bees, for their own good. If they use 

 the improved hive, and make a close 

 study of the business, it would be well 

 enough for them to keep a few 

 colonies. 



G. P. Morton- -I am opposed to any- 

 one going into the business unless he 

 expects to make a close study of it. 

 Lack of study and application causes 

 too many failures ; also causes honey 

 to be brought to the market in inferior 

 shapes and conditions, thus depreciat- 

 ing the n)arket and prices. 



R. B. Leahy — The question is, 

 " Should this convention recommend 

 any one to keep bees who so wishes ?" 

 Every one who rears bees as a business 

 knows that all bee-keeping as a side- 

 issue is a detriment to the business, 

 runs down the breed, keeps the prices 

 down, etc. The side-issue man is 

 never with us in improvements of an}' 

 kind, and what they .sell at, we have to 

 follow. S'de-issue men say that they 

 do not care if they do not produce 

 much honey ; such men are a detri- 

 ment to any business, and wouhl bet- 

 ter keep out of it. I think that be- 

 ginners. wh(j want to learn and make 

 it a business, should be encouraged. 



PREVENTION OF HONEY ADULTERATION. 



The Secretary then read an essay 

 by Dr. C. p. Miller, of Marengo, Ills., 

 on "What measures should bee-keep- 

 ers take against the bogus-honey 

 business ?" 



After quite an interesting discussion 

 on the subject, it was decided that a 



committee of three be appointed by 

 the association to draft resolutions ex- 

 pressing the sentiment of the conven- 

 tion, as to the adulteration of honey ; 

 that a copy of the resolutions be for- 

 warded to other associations, and an 

 eflbrt be made to secure their co-opera- 

 tion in making it a national question. 



A number of interesting questions 

 wei^e discussed, after which the com- 

 mittee on resolutions reported the fol- 

 lowing : 



Whekeas, It is known to this Association 

 that extracted honey is largely adulterated 

 with glucose and grape sugar, and that iu 

 our opinion the practice is damaging to the 

 producers of honey in this State, and a 

 fraud on the general public, therefore be it 



Resolved, That this Association does 

 emphatically deuounce the practice of 

 adulterating extracted honey with glucose 

 and grape sugar ; and 



Resolved, That we urgently request the 

 bee-keeping associations of the different 

 States, and others, to co-operate with us in 

 pressing this subject to the consideration of 

 the International American Bee-Associa- 

 tion, that they memorialize Congress to 

 pass laws regarding the matter. 



Resolved, That a copy of these resolu- 

 tions be sent to each State bee-keepers' 

 association, and to others. 



The resolutions were adopted, and 

 the Secretary instructed to send reso- 

 lutions to the Secretary of each State 

 association, with request to report their 

 answers at our next meeting. 



Mexico, Mo., was selected as the 

 next place of meeting, and October 

 was chosen as the time. 



J. W. RoDSE, Sec. 



OUT-APIARIES. 



Locatins and ]VIanagiiij|: Tlicm 

 to the Bc§t Advantage. 



Read at the Ohio State Convention 



BY J. B. HAINS. 



The subject of "Out-Apiaries" is one 

 of much importance to the apiarist who 

 finds the number of his colonies in- 

 creasing to the extent that the locality 

 is becoming overstocked, and threatens 

 in the near futui-e to become unremun- 

 erative unless they are separated, and 

 out-apiaries established. 



There are many such apiarists who 

 have seen the average yield of honey 

 gradually diminished as each year the 

 number of their colonies have increased 

 and the rapidly disappearing forest 

 has decreased the bee-forage. Then 

 come these questions : " Shall out- 

 apiaries be established ?" " Where 

 shall they be located ?" How many 

 colonies maj' profitably be kept in each 

 locality ?" " Shall they be managed 

 for the production of extracted or for 

 comb honey ?" "Shall there be an as- 

 sistant placed in charge of each out- 

 apiary, or shall the apiarist with less 



assistance assume the management 

 himself ?"' 



Now as by request, and of necessity,, 

 this essay must be brief, it will be re- 

 stricted to the last-named method, it 

 being most approved by the writer, 

 after having tested all methods in his 

 12 out-apiaries during the last 10 years. 

 In the selection of a locality, the near 

 proximity of forest is of great import- 

 ance — of course, having reference to 

 the honey-producing varieties ; swampy 

 and untillable land in the vicinity is a 

 valuable feature. 



The next most important question 

 is to secure the consent and co-opera- 

 tion of a land-owner in locating the 

 apiary, which should consist of not 

 more than 50 colonies, so placed as tO' 

 be at all times under the observation 

 of the family, whose interest should be 

 enlisted by contributions of honey for- 

 the table, or by a monej- consideration 

 for their watchfulness, and hiving an 

 occasional swarm which may unex- 

 pectedly issue. I say " occasional 

 swarm " for by this method, swarming- 

 is almost if not altogether prevented. 



On the first appearance of whitfr 

 clover, or the bloom which furnishes 

 the first light-colored honey, the uppei" 

 story of the hives should be filled with 

 frames of light-colored combs, or 

 frames filled with wired foundation. 

 No further attention need be given 

 them until the bees in the home-apiary,, 

 or among the neighbors, indicate that 

 the swarming season is-At hand, when 

 frames of new comb or wired founda- 

 tion should be packed in hive bodies- 

 or in boxes, loaded on a spring wagon, 

 taken to the out-apiary, and exchanged 

 for combs containing honey which are 

 taken home and extracted ; and the 

 next day, carried to out-apiary No. 2, 

 exchanged in like manner, and so on 

 until all out-apiaries are thus treated. 

 No further attention is required for a- 

 week or 10 days, according to the flow 

 of honey, when another visit is neces- 

 sary, exchanging frames of comb for 

 frames of honey as before, giving in- 

 creased ventilation at the entrance. 



When the honey season is at its best, 

 and bees are most likely to swarm, 

 give readj' access to the hive, abund- 

 ant ventilation, and plenty of empty- 

 combs for storing honej'. There is 

 nothing like plenty of room, plenty of 

 ventilation, suitable shade, and the ab- 

 sence of drone brood and comb, tO' 

 prevent swarming. 



When the swarming season is prac- 

 tically at an end, excliange frames of 

 comb for frames of honey as before,^ 

 and leave them undisturbed until the 

 season an-ives to contract and equalize 

 stores for winter. 



I must not forget to mention that 

 at each manipulation all queen-cells 

 are to be removed. The .advantages to 



