48 SURFACE GEOLOGY. 



material, which is the characteristic coarse gravel, and by its anticlinal 

 stratification. The next fifteen miles afforded no evidence of the kame. 

 We then find three remnants of it in six miles, and below these nothing 

 in the following fifteen miles, or to the end of our journey, which extended 

 through Northfield, Mass. The first of these remnants was near the 

 south-west corner of Westmoreland, 158 feet above the river and 370 feet 

 above the sea. The second was a short distance south-west from Dum- 

 merston station, 215 feet above the river and 425 above the sea. The 

 river has swept this away at its south end, and the railroad is here built 

 across its terminal slope, which shows a fine anticlinal stratification. The 

 most southern portion of the kame found remaining in this valley is at the 

 north side of West river, lying on ledges between the railroad and the 

 highway, where we have a well-defined gravel ridge 160 feet above the 

 river and 360 feet above the sea. 



These peculiar deposits, similar in material and stratification with the 

 kame that extends from Lyme to Windsor, were plainly once more exten- 

 sive than now, and probably are portions of an originally continuous ridge. 

 Long gaps have been washed away in the southern half of the range, from 

 Lyme to Windsor ; and farther south the river has left only scanty rem- 

 nants of this oldest modified drift of its valley. 



Returning now to the later deposits, which have been shaped by the 

 river into terraces, we will begin where we left them, at Cornish and 

 Windsor. The original highest flood-plain of the river in these towns 

 and through Claremont and Weathersfield seems to have sloped from 500 

 to 450 feet above the sea. The river from Windsor to Bellows Falls, 26 

 miles, has a very gentle descent from 304 to 283 feet above the sea. 

 Hence it will be sufficient in this distance to state only heights above the 

 sea, from which that above the river may be easily determined. 



The terraces of Windsor village are very interesting. That at the 

 depot and railroad is 330 feet above the sea; of the post-office, 354; of 

 the street leading west past the state prison, 382 to 397, rising 15 feet in 

 going a half mile away from the river. The last remains now in the form 

 of an isthmus, having been channelled out by the river on the north side 

 of this street to a depth of 60 feet, and to the same amount on the south 

 side by Mill brook. The highest terrace, increased by a tributary, is 

 shown farther west. 



