I20 SURFACE GEOLOGY. 



course to the north. The erosion of the high deposits in the south part 

 of Peterborough and the tribute of streams near the source of the 

 river now supphed the low alluvium which extends for two miles below 

 North Peterborough. The karaes in Bennington probably also suffered 

 considerable erosion, which, with the important streams on the west, fur- 

 nished the similar low alluvial deposits of Antrim, Deering, and Hills- 

 borough. 



IMoDiFiED Drift of Winnifiseogee and Squam Lakes. 



The beauty of Winnipiseogee lake is due to its multitude of irregularly 

 grouped islands, to the three long bays or arms into which its north end 

 is divided, and to the winding outlines of its shores. The water-shed 

 which bounds its basin reaches no point more than seven miles distant 

 from the lake.* It passes over Belknap, Cropple Crown, and Ossipee 

 mountains, and Red hill, which rise from 1,500 to 1,900 feet above the 

 lake ; but its other highest points are hills of half this height or less, 

 which descend steeply to the west and south shores but have more gen- 

 tle slopes on the east and north. Somewhat farther distant, at the north, 

 the view from Winnipiseogee embraces Chocorua, Paugus, Passaconaway, 

 Whitcface, and Sandwich Dome, which form the southern front of the 

 White Mountains; and from many parts Mt. Washington is also visible. 

 To know this scenery fully, the lake must also be seen from the moun- 

 tains and hills by which it is environed. The most magnificent of these 

 views is that from Red hill, which overlooks both Winnipiseogee and 

 Squam lakes. 



The depth of Winnipiseogee lake was measured by the Lake Company 

 at the same time that the survey of its area was made. The deepest 

 place found was a short distance off the east shore of Rattlesnake island, 

 opposite to its southern and lowest peak. The depth at this spot was 

 slightly more than 200 feet. Between Rattlesnake and Diamond islands 

 it was 190 feet; in Alton bay, opposite fort and Gerrish points, 100 

 feet, and at three fourths of a mile from its south end, 80 feet ; in the 

 broad portions of the lake, between Rattlesnake and Cow islands, from 

 100 to 150 feet; and between Cow island and Center Llarbor, from 50 to 



*The topographic features of this district, and the areas of Winnipiseogee lake, its islands, and its hydrographic 

 basin, arc stated in Vol. I, pp. 203-205, 300, and 306-308. 



