126 SURFACE GEOLOGY. 



the north-west side of Long bay a small brook has brought down a deposit 

 of sand and gravel which is crossed by the railroad. 



The mouth of Lake Winnipiseogee is a narrow channel called the Wiers, 

 because of dams made here by the Lidians for taking fish. No modi- 

 fied drift of the ordinary kind occurs near this outlet or along the shore 

 of the lake north-west to Meredith Village. A small kame-like deposit of 

 coarse gravel and sand, 40 feet above the lake, occurs a short distance 

 north-east from Meredith depot; and alluvial sand about 25 feet in height 

 borders the brook which flows into the head of this bay and extends half 

 a mile eastward along the lake shore. Wukawan lake and Long pond, 

 which lie on the north-east side of the railroad above Meredith, are the 

 same in height, being 36 feet above high water in Winnipiseogee lake. 

 They are separated by a swampy area, but with this exception are sur- 

 rounded on all sides by till or ledge. Another Long pond, one half mile 

 east of Center Harbor and about 10 feet above the lake, has a small area 

 of alluvial sand and clay at its outlet. 



The shores of Squam and Little Squam lakes, like those of Winnipi- 

 seogee, are almost wholly composed of till or ledge. The only modified 

 drift seen in a journey by the roads along the east and south sides of 

 Squam lake was at a point a mile and a half south-east from White Qak 

 pond. This consists of kame-like gravel and sand, irregularly stratified, 

 with occasional large boulders on the surface. A well defined kame, 15 

 to 25 feet high, extends a fourth of a mile west from the bridge between 

 these lakes along the north shore of Little Squam. This ridge contains 

 frequent angular boulders up to three or four feet in diameter. Squam 

 river above Ashland is bordered by low alluvium a few hundred feet 

 wide. Its total descent is 1 10 feet, nearly all of which is utilized for 

 water-power. 



At the head of Moultonborough bay we find swampy land along its 

 cast shore for a mile, and farther east an extensive deposit of sand, un- 

 dulating and partly covered with pines, reaching a mile from the lake, 

 with its highest portions 40 feet above it. The next modified drift is 

 four miles to the south-east at Melvin village. Mclvin river here brought 

 down in the Champlain period a small plain of gravel and sand, which 

 since that time has been partly excavated by the stream, and partly un- 

 dermined and carried away by the lake, so that it now forms a terrace 20 



