246 SURFACE GEOLOGY. 



have been abundantly rounded, producing the phenomena of emboss- 

 ment. Better examples occur higher up. The last notable example of 

 the same is to be seen close by N. H. Cook's, or the last farm-house in 

 Jackson. There is here somewhat of an expanse, while above the de- 

 scent is greater, and no intervals can be seen. A careful examination 

 of this valley will disclose many more facts, both in the settled and for- 

 est portions. On reaching the height of land in Pinkham Notch, we 

 approach the Peabody valley, and find marks of a movement up the val- 

 ley towards Ellis river. The ice travelled a little west of south, north of 

 the water-shed, but east of south in the Ellis valley. It is difficult to say 

 that the movement in the Ellis valley was disconnected with that in the 

 Peabody. It is likely that, in the earlier glacial times, the course was 

 first west and then east of south, while in the decline of the period the 

 ice ceased to flow from the Peabody into the Ellis valley. There may 

 have been a local northerly movement in the Peabody valley, also, as 

 suggested by the enormous terrace, in the south part of Gorham (p. 210). 

 The marks upon the Wildcat Branch have been more carefully exam- 

 ined, although the scoring of ledges is less common than on the main 

 stream. At the top of Jackson falls are many moraines supposed to be 

 terminal, and of the last valley movement. An examination of their com- 

 position shows them to be a miscellaneous accumulation of ferruginous 

 earth and rough stones of granite and schist. There has been no ar- 

 rangement of the different sorts by aqueous deposition ; it is an unstrati- 

 fied pile. Its red color arises from the extreme oxidation and hydration 

 of the mass. The material corresponds closely with that of the upper 

 till of the older drift, which we shall describe more fully presently. The 

 origin of the two deposits is believed to be the same. These moraines 

 cross the valley, and are about 140 feet above the bridge between the 

 hotels. The next set of terminals jut out into the valley half a mile be- 

 yond, and probably once stretched across it. Near J. Gale's is another set, 

 215 feet above the bridge. On the west side of the valley, large, rough 

 blocks of stone arc common, while the east is smooth. A fourth moraine 

 appears at the two Elkins's houses, a mile and a quarter from the bridge. 

 The fifth example is near D. Gray's, shortly before coming to the road 

 leading towards Black mountain. These moraines are lateral, and there 

 is a slight depression between them and the hill west. There are many 



