HEAD WATERS OF THE ANDROSCOGGIN, 363 



Rangeley lake. It is not far from a mile in width, but it becomes narrower northward, 

 and in the middle of Dallas Plantation it is only a few rods in width. In the stream 

 near the Greenvale house there seems to be, on the weathered surfaces, a marked dif- 

 ference between the staurolite schist and the conglomerate ; but, breaking the conglom- 

 erate, every portion of it, except where there are actually pebbles, resembles in all re- 

 spects the schist : even the staurolite is not wanting. Going across the stratification, 

 we find places where there is an abundance of pebbles, and then they are wanting alto- 

 gether, or have been so changed that they are not apparent. There are fine outcrops 

 of conglomerate three quarters of a mile from Greenwich on the road to Rangeley, and 

 at Moxey ledge, near the inlet of the lake. Some of the fragments at the former local- 

 ity are a foot in diameter. The conglomerate on its north-west border, both north and 

 south of the lake, passes gradually into a rock, which without a lens cannot be distin- 

 guished from common gneiss. Looking at this conglomerate now, as a whole, it has 

 the appearance of having been formed from fragments derived from a rock which is now 

 the argillitic mica schist with staurolite, before great metamorphic changes had taken 

 place. The re-formed sediments, which are now the cementing material of the conglom- 

 erate, were so little assorted, that in the subsequent changes, in which both the con- 

 glomerate and the schist were involved, this material and the schist became essentially 

 the same kind of rock. 



Paleozoic. 



Wrinkled Argillaceous Schist with hard Micaceoics Bands. West of the conglom- 

 erate there is a broad area of rock, consisting chiefly of wrinkled argillaceous schists 

 and a few hard micaceous bands. They are found on the hills south of Rangeley lake, 

 and, north of the lake from where the conglomerate ends, it extends nearly to the out- 

 let. In the east part of Rangeley it is limited northward near Gulf pond by an intru- 

 sive diorite, but, west, it extends about three miles north of Ouimby pond. This band 

 of rocks has one characteristic in common with some of the paleozoic rocks in New 

 Hampshire : the veins of quartz by which it is penetrated, as well as those in the rocks 

 immediately adjoining it, have a decidedly fetid odor. There is a band of this schist 

 in the hill south-east of Greenvale : so it either extends around the Rangeley conglom- 

 erate, or there is here a repetition of the band to the west. The conglomerate men- 

 tioned as being found on this hill seems to be associated with this schist, rather than 

 with the staurolite schist. 



Lower Helderberg and Oriskany. There is quite a large area in the vicinity of Ken- 

 nebago lake that most probably belongs to the Lower Helderberg and Oriskany. From 

 their fossils, we are sure that some of the rocks belong to these groups. The area of 

 Lower Helderberg and Oriskany in the vicinity of Parlin pond has been known for many 

 years, and its limits on the south-west have been pretty clearly defined. The area in 

 Flagstaff was pointed out for the first time by me at the Portland meeting of the Asso- 

 ciation for the Advancement of Science ; and this now adds another to the many areas 

 of these rocks already discovered. 



