398 



NATURE 



[November 25, 1920 



responsible for the collapse referred to by Dr. 

 Levinstein, and, therefore, their average price 

 could not have been very much less than 7*. iid. 

 When it is considered that the average pre-war 

 price of the majority of dyes advertised at present 

 by the British Dyestuffs Corporation was very 

 much nearer is. than 8s., it is difficult to imagine 

 that there can be such underselling as is sug- 

 gested. 



On the other hand, will the dye users say that 

 the quality of the dyes made at Huddersfield and 

 Manchester is equal in every respect to that of 

 the pre-war (and present) German product? 

 Although the shade of the dyes is probably the 

 same — and there is no doubt that the product made 

 by the chemist in the works is fully equal to the 

 German — this product must necessarily be reduced, 

 by adding salt or other inert material, to a given 

 standard. Precision and exactness in seeing that 

 all deliveries conform to this standard of strength 

 are of vital importance to the dyer, and divergence 

 from this may well lead him to seek his supplies 

 elsewhere. 



Antarctic Research. 



(i) Scottish National Antarctic Expedition : Report 

 on the Scientific Results of the voyage of S.Y. 

 "Scotia," during the years 1902, 1903, and 

 1904, under the Leadership of Dr. William S. 

 Bruce. Vol. vii., Zoology; parts i.-xiii., Inver- 

 tebrates; pp. viii-f323-|- 15 plates. (Edinburgh : 

 The Scottish Oceanographical Laboratory, 

 1920.) Price 50s. 



(2) British Museum (Natural History). British 

 Antarctic {"Terra Nova") Expedition, igio. 

 Natural History Report. Zoology. Vol. xi., 

 No. 9. Mollusca. Part iii., Eupteropoda 

 (Pteropoda Thecosomata) and Pterota (Ptero- 

 poda Gymnosomata). By Anne L. Massey. 

 Pp. 203-232 : No. 10. Mollusca. Part iv.. 

 Anatomy of Pelecypoda. By R. H. Burne. 

 Pp. 233-256 + 4 plates : vol. iv., No. 3. Echino- 

 derma (part xi.) and Enteropneusta. Larvae of 

 Echinoderma and Enteropneusta. By Prof. 

 E. W. MacBride. Pp., 83-94-^2 plates. (Lon- 

 don : British Museum (Natural History), 1920.) 

 Prices 7s. 6d. and 85. 6d. 



(i) T'HE seventh volume of the results of the 



T' 



successful voyage of the Scotia, under the 

 able leadership of Dr. W. S. Bruce, contains a 

 series of interesting memoirs. Mr. Pearcey iden- 

 tifies 267 species of Foraminifera, eleven of which 

 are new. He thinks the group richer south of 70° 

 than north of it, and that the Foraminiferal fauna 

 NO. 2665, VOL. 106] 



of the arctic and antarctic regions is strikingly 

 similar, from the generally uniform conditions of 

 temperature extending over the bottom of the deep 

 sea (more Sir J. Murray). The collection was 

 especially rich in Sponges, which are ably de- 

 scribed, with excellent figures, by Prof. Topsent. 

 Ten Hexactinellids were obtained, including new 

 species of Malacosaccus, Acaeocalyx, Docosaccus, 

 and Caulophacus, the size of the first and last 

 being remarkable, whilst the wonderful mega- 

 scleres and microscleres enhance the interest of the 

 group. 



The antarctic seas abound in Tetractinellids, 

 though the Scotia procured only three known 

 forms. The Monaxonlda are grouped as antarctic 

 and subantarctic. Amongst the striking forms is- 

 Cladorhiza thomsoni, a relation of the interesting^ 

 little Cladorhiza of the Challenger, which was sent 

 as an Alcyonarian to Prof. Arthur Thomson, of 

 Aberdeen. The author repeats his antagonism to 

 the bipolarity theory by pointing out the richness 

 of the antarctic region in Hexactinellids and their 

 paucity in the arctic seas. The vi'ide distribution 

 of the Siphonophores Porpita, Velella, Physalia, 

 and the Diphyidse is shovin by J. H. Koeppern. 

 An elaborate memoir on the structure and relation- 

 ships of the Hexactinian Porponia, Hertwig, is 

 given by Prof. Carlgren, of Lund, showing, 

 amongst other things, its close connection with 

 Halcuria, mesenteries in both occurring regularly 

 in the endocoels. The nevi' species is P. antarctica. 



Five species of stony corals are dealt with by 

 Prof. Stanley Gardiner, the most important being 

 a new species, Madracis scotiae, from the Abrolhos 

 Bank. Mr. Laidlaw notices the pelagic Polyclad 

 Turbellarian, Planocera pellucida, from St. Paul's 

 Rocks ; whilst Mr. Pringle Jameson describes the 

 Chaetognaths, the wide distribution of which, and 

 the large size of Sagitta gazcllae, are noteworthy. 

 Mr. L. N. G. Ramsay again takes up the Nereids 

 (Polychaets), of which there were six known forms 

 and one new — iV. falklandica. The peculiar genus 

 Sclerocheilus receives important treatment from 

 Prof. Ashworth, and a new form, S. antarcticus, 

 is described. Miss Helen Pixell (Mrs. Goodrich) 

 gives a careful account of the four Sabellids and 

 the six Serpulids. The resemblance in certain 

 respects of Ehlers' Sabellid genus Potamis to the 

 genus Jasmineira, St. Joseph, merits further 

 attention. 



Mr. Tattersall deals with the Schizopods, Sto- 

 matopods, and non-antarctic Isopods, together 

 with a few Schizopods collected by the Discovery 

 in the tropical Atlantic. A new Boreomysis and 

 the re-discovery of Exosphaeroma tristense, Leach, 

 are interesting. The occurrence of a new species 

 of the primitive Dorid, Bathydoris, has enabled 



