NATURE 



[May 5, 1887 



William Richard Gowers, M.D. (Lond.), 



F.R.C.P. Fellow of University College, London, Physician 

 to University College Hospital, and to the National Hospital 

 for the Paralysed and Epileptic. Distinguished as a Physio- 

 logist and Physician. Attached to science and anxious to 

 promote its progress. Contributor of papers on : — •" The Auto- 

 matic Action of the Sphincter Ani " (Proc. Roy. Soc, 1877); 

 " The Decupation of the Optic Nerves" {Centralb. fiir d. Med. 

 IViss., 1878); "The Enumeration of Blood-Corpuscles" 

 {Practitioner, 1878); "The Estimation of Hemoglobin" 

 (Trans. Clin, Soc, 1878); "The Nature of the So-called 

 Tendon-reflex Phenomena " (Trans. Roy. Med. Chir. Soc. , vol. 

 Ixii.) ; " The Mechanism of the Movements of the Eyelids" {ibid.); 

 " A Reflex Mechanism in the Fixation of the Eyeballs " {Brain, 

 vol. ii.) ; " The Relation of the Fifth Nerve to Taste " {Journ. 

 of Phys., 1883) ; " The Origin of the Sixth Nerve " {Centralb. 

 filf d. Med. Wiss., 1878); "Unilateral Lesion of the Spinal 

 Cord " (Trans. Clin. Soc, vol. xi.). Author of treatises : — 

 "Manual and Atlas -of Medical Ophthalmoscopy," second 

 edition ; " Epilepsy and other Chronic Convulsive Diseases ; " 

 "Diagnosis of Diseases of the Spinal Cord," second edition; 

 " Diagnosis of Diseases of the Brain;" " Pseudo-hypertrophic 

 Muscular Paralysis ;" " Diseases of the Walls of the Heart ; " 

 " Leucocythcemia ; " " Hodgkin's Disease ; " Reynold's System 

 of Medicine;" "Path. Anat. of Hydrophobia;" "Mode of 

 -Development of Spindle Cells," &c., &c. 



Alexander Blackie William Kennedy, M.LC.E. 



'Civil Engineer. Professor of Engineering and Mechanical Tech- 

 nology, University College, London. Has rendered considerable 

 •services to Engineering Education by the establishment of an 

 Engineering Laboratory at University College, and by his 

 investigations there made into the strength of materials (Journ. 

 Soc. Arts, 1875). 'fhe students are there taught systematic 

 experimental v^fork, and the plan first introduced by Prof. 

 Kennedy has been generally followed. Tests were there made 

 on strength and elasticity for the Indian Government, and 

 accounts of other tests are given in the reports on riveted joints 

 for Institution of Mechanical Engineers, and in a paper on mild 

 steel written for Roy. Inst. Brit. Architects. He translated and 

 edited," Theoretische Kinematik." He is the author of numerous 

 papers connected with Engineering, as the "Critical Description 

 ,of the Steam-Engines, &c.," in the Vienna Exhibition, 1873 

 Engifteering, June, December, 1873); " Air-Engines " {En- 

 gineering, 1875) ; " Geometrical Solutions of some Statical 

 Problems" (Proc Lond. Math. Soc, vol. ix.). He has also 

 designed the iron and concrete framework and roof of the new 

 Alhambra Theatre. 



George King, M.B., 



F.L.S. Superintendent of the Royal Botanical Gardens, 

 Calcutta, and of the Government Cinchona Plantations of 

 Darjeeling. Formerly Superintendent of the Botanical Gardens 

 of Saharunpur. Author of "Notes on the Lion of Aboo " 

 ■(Proc Asiat. Soc. Beng., 1868) ; " On the Birds of the Goona 

 District" (Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng., 1868); "Notes on the 

 Vegetable Products and Farm Foods of Rajpootana and 

 Marwan ; " "Observations on the genus Ficus, and on the 

 Fertilisation of F. hispida ; " "A Monograph of Indian Fici" 

 •(in course of publication). Eminent as an Indian Botanist and 

 Quinologist, and for the services he has rendered to Botanists 

 and Naturalists in India. 



Sir John Kirk, G.C.M.G., M,D., 



F.L.S. H.M. Agent and Consul-General, Zanzibar. Chief 

 Officer and Naturalist of Dr. Livingstone's Government Expe- 

 dition to the Zambesi, Nyassa Country (1858-63), during which 

 he made large collections, observations, and drawings of great 

 -scientific value. Author of numerous contributions to the 

 Botany, Zoology, and Geography of Eastern Tropical Africa, 

 published in the Journals of the Linnean and Zoological Societies, 

 the Ibis, &c. During Sir John Kirk's residence, of nearly twenty 

 years, in Zanzibar, he has rendered most important services to 

 the various Expeditions despatched by English and Foreign 

 Governments and by private bodies for the exploration of Central 

 Africa, directing their routes, superintending their equipments, 

 and encouraging them in the formation and transmission of 

 Zoological, Botanical, and Ethnological Collections. 



Oliver Joseph Lodge, D.Sc, (Lond,), 



Professor of Physics in University College, Liverpool. Distin- 

 guished for his acquaintance with the science of Physics. Author 

 of numerous papers on Physics published in the Philosophical 

 Magazine, Proceedings of the Physical Society of London, 

 Reports of the British Association, and elsewhere, including 

 (among many others) the following: — "On some Problems 

 connected with the flow of Electricity in a Plane ; " " On a 

 Model illustrating mechanically the passage of Electricity through 

 Metals, Electrolytes, and Dielectrics according to Maxwell's 

 Theory;" " On a Mechanical Illustration of Thermo-electric 

 Phenomena ; " " On a Modification of Mance's Method of 

 measuring Battery Resistance;" "On a Method of measuring 

 absolutely the Thermal Conductivity of Crystals ; " " An attempt 

 at a Systematic Classification of some of the Forms of Energy ; " 

 "On Intermittent Currents and the Theory of the Induction 

 Balance;" "On the Dimensions of a Magnetic Pole in the 

 Electrostatic System of Units ;" "On the Phenomena exhibited 

 by Dusty Air in the neighbourhood of strongly Illuminated 

 Bodies" (jointly with the late J. W. Clark); "On the seat of 

 Electromotive Force in the Galvanic Circuit ; " " On the Iden- 

 tity of Energy ; " " On Electrolysis ; " author of a book on 

 "The Elements of Mechanics" (W. and R. Chambers). 



Prof. John Milne, 



F.G. S., Associate and Hon. Fellow of King's Coll. Lond. 

 Royal Exhibitioner at Royal School of Mines, Lond. Professor 

 of Mining and Geology in the Imperial College of Engineering, 

 Department of Public Works, Japan. Studied in I'reiberg ; 

 travelled in Iceland ; engaged, in 1873-74, in^ mining in New- 

 foundland ; accompanied Dr. Beke as geologist to North- West 

 Arabia ; travelled across Russia, Siberia, Mongolia, and China 

 to Japan ; visited the Kurile Islands, the Corean frontier, Cali- 

 fornia, &c. Author of "Travelling Notes" {Gejl. Mag.^ 1877, 

 pp. 237, 289, 389.459. 5", 557; 1878, pp. 29, 62); "The 

 Volcana of Oshima " {op. cit., 1877, p. 193) ; "On the Form of 

 Volcanoes" {op. cit., 1878, p. 337, pi. IX. ; and 1879, p. 506) ; 

 " The Volcanoes of the Kurile Islands" {op. cit., 1879, p. 337, 

 pi. IX.); "On the Cooling of the Earth" {op. cit., 1880, 

 p. 99 ); " Physical Features and Mineralogy of Newfoundland" 

 (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc, 1874, vol. xxx., p. 722) ; " Geological 

 Notes on the Sinaitic Peninsula and N.W. Arabia {Hid., vol. 

 xxxi., pp. 1-28) ; " Seismic Science in Japan" (Trans. Seismol. 

 Soc, Yedo, vol. i., pp. 1-34); "The Earthquake of February 

 22, 1880" {op. cit., vol. i., part ii., pp. 1-116) ; "The Earth- 

 quakes of Yedo Plain" {ibid., vol. ii., pp. 1-38); "The 

 Peruvian Earthquake of May 9, 1877 " {ibid, vol. ii., pp. 51- 

 96) ; " Experiments in Seismology" {ibid., vol. iii., pp. 12-64) J 

 "Notes on the Great Earthquakes of Japan " {ibid., vol. iii., 

 pp. 65-102) ; "The Earthquake of March 8, 1881 "{ibid., pp. 

 127-136) ; " Distribution of Seismic Activity in Japan " (vol. iv., 

 pp. 1-30); "The Systematic Observation of Earthquakes" 

 {ibid., vol. iv., pp. 87-117; joint papers with Mr. T. Gray, 

 B.Sc, F.R.S.E.); "On Seismic Experiments " (Phil. Trans,, 

 1882, and Proc. Roy. Soc, 1881); "Earthquake Observations 

 in Japan" {Phil. Mag., November 1881) ; "Elasticity and 

 Strength, Constants of Certain Rocks" (1882) ; "Reports on 

 Investigation of the Earthquake Phenomena of Japan " (Brit. 

 Assoc. Rep., 1881 and 1882). Intrusted with three grants 

 from British Association for the investigation of earthquake 

 phenomena. Author of numerous other papers on geology, 

 mineralogy, mining, &c. Has specially devoted himself to the 

 study of earth-movements. 



Rev. Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, M.A., 



Rector of Bloxworth, Dorset. Distinguished for his acquaintance 

 with Zoology, particularly Arachnology. Has published the 

 following works: — "A History of British Spiders to 1881," 

 entitled " Spiders of Dorset," with Preface and General Introduc- 

 tion in two vols., pp. 1-625, plates 1-6 ; numerous papers in the 

 Proc. Zool. Soc. of London, especially "On the Spiders of 

 Palestine and Egypt from 1869 to 1883 ; " article " Arachnida " in 

 "Encyclop. Brit.," 1874; articles "Arachnida" in "Zoological 

 Record," 1870-1S83 ; numerous papers " On Arachnida of various 

 Countries" in Anfi. Mag. Nat. .Hist., 1860-83; articles " On 

 British Spiders" in Trans. Linn. Soc, 1868-70; articles 

 "On British and Exotic Spiders" in Proc. I,inn. Soc, vols. x. 

 and xi. 



