January 5, 1922] 



NATURE^ 



19 



Obituary. 



Sir German Sims Woodhead, K.B.E. 



WE regret to record the death of Sir German 

 • Sims Woouhead, protessor of pathology 

 in the University ot Lamuridge, which occurred 

 suddenly on December 29. At the commencement 

 of the war Prof. Woodhead was mobilised and 

 became a colonel in the R.A.M.C. (T.), and was 

 for some time head of a camp in Tipperary. He 

 afterwards was appointed inspector of laboratories 

 in the military hospitals in the United Kingdom, a 

 post which involved perpetual travelling and dis- 

 comfort, the strain of which no doubt conduced 

 to the signs of serious over-work from which of 

 late he suffered. In 1919 he was created K.B.E. 

 in recognition of his valuable war work. 



Born in 1855, Woodhead was educated at Hud- 

 dersfield College, whence he entered the medical 

 faculty of the University of Edinburgh, graduating 

 in 1878. He then spent some time on the Continent, 

 studying in Berlin and Vienna. In 1887 he was 

 appointed superintendent of the research laboratories 

 of the Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh, re- 

 signing this post in 1890 on his appointment as 

 director of the conjoint laboratories of the Royal 

 Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons in London, 

 which he held until his election in 1899 to the chair 

 of pathology in the University of Cambridge in suc- 

 cession to the late Prof. Kanthack. Here it was 

 largely due to his initiative and energy that the 

 new medical school buildings wei:e erected, 

 including the memorial museum to Sir George 

 Humphry. 



Woodhead 's activities were manifold and untir- 

 ing; he was a strong supporter of the temperance 

 movement, and was president of both the British 

 Medical Temperance Association and the British 

 Temperance T>eague. He was an hon. IJ>.D. of 

 Birmingham and Toronto Universities, fellow of 

 Trinity Hall, Cambridge, hon. fellow of the Henry 

 Phipps Institute, Philadelphia, member of the 

 Executive Committee of the Imperial Cancer Re- 

 search Fund and of the Scottish Universities Com- 

 mittee, and past-president of the Royal Physical 

 Society, Ed in. (1878), and of the Royal Micro- 

 scopical Society (i 913-16). It can scarcely be 

 doubted that, had he attempted less, his output of 

 original work in his own special department would 

 have been greater. 



Woodhead published in 1883 " Practical Patho- 

 logy," which reached a fourth edition in 1910; in 

 1885, " Pathological Mycology" (with Hare); and 

 in 1 89 1, " Bacteria and their Products." He was 

 founder of, and for many years conducted, the 

 Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology. In 1894 

 he published with Dr. Cartwrisrht Wood an in- 

 vestigation on the efficiency of domestic water filters, 

 and during the war devised a method for the chlor- 

 ination of drinkiner water. While director of the 

 oonioint laboratonVs he published a report on 

 'diphtheria for the Metropolitan Asvlums Board, and 

 devoted much attention to the standardisation of 

 NO. 2723, VOL. 109] 



diphtheria antitoxin. Tuberculosis was also a 

 suuject to which Woodhead devoted much attention. 

 He drew up a report to the Royal Commission on 

 Tuberculosis in 1895, and was a member of the 

 Royal Commission on Tuberculosis of 1902. Just 

 before the war he devised an apparatus for the con- 

 tinuous record of the temperature of animals, and 

 published the results of investigations obtained by 

 it. Of late the subject of colonies for the tuber- 

 culous occupied much of his time, and he was joint 

 author of " Settlements for the Tuberculous." 

 Woodhead was of a genial and kindly disposition, 

 and he will be greatly missed by a large circle of 

 friends and acquaintances. R. T. H. 



Prof. G. S. Brady, F.R.S. 



Prof. George Stewardson Brady was born 

 in Gateshead on April 18, 1832. His father, 

 Henry Brady, was a surgeon, and he himself was 

 trained for the same career. He was a student of 

 the University of Durham College of Medicine, 

 Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and practised in Sunderland 

 from 1857 to 1906. During the greater part of 

 this period Prof. Brady was also professor of 

 natural history in the University of Durham College 

 of Science, now Armstrong College, Newcastle-upon- 

 Tyne. He began his duties as professor in 1875, 

 and on his retirement in 1906 was elected honorary 

 professor of natural history. In 1906 he went to 

 live in Sheffield, and died there on December 25 

 last. 



Both Prof. Brady and his brother, H. B. Brady, 

 were early interested in natural history, and it is 

 worth remarking that during the time Prof. Brady 

 was studying medicine Tuffen West Was an appren- 

 tice to his father. All three afterwards attained 

 distinction, Tuffen West as a naturalist artist, 

 H. B. Brady as an eminent authority on Foramini- 

 fera, and Prof. Brady for his work on Crustacea, 

 especially on Entomostraca. 



Prof. Brady became a member of the Tyneside 

 Naturalists' Field Club in 1849, not long after its 

 inception as a branch of the Natural History 

 Society. He was president in 187 1 and again in 

 1892-93, and he contributed many papers to the 

 Transactions of the Natural History Society. His 

 early papers dealt with algae and other plant groups, 

 but it was not long before he determined to devote 

 himself to Crustacea and especially to Copepoda 

 and Ostracoda. This work was his hobby, and he 

 devoted his spare time to gathering and to examin- 

 ing his own collections and collections sent to him. 

 The results have been published in a long series of 

 papers, and these brought him into intimate rela- 

 tionship with other workers in the same field here 

 and abroad. But he advanced into a place of promin- 

 ence when he described the Challenger collections 

 of Copepoda and Ostracoda. His reputation was 

 further enhanced when his work on the free and 

 semi-parasitic Copepoda of the British Islands 

 was published by the Ray Society. With the late 



