234 



ANIMAL HEAT. 



exercise is not accompanied by a proportional increase of 

 the heat of other parts, which are naturally much warmer, 

 is well shown by some observations of Dr. J. Davy. 



Climate and Season. In passing from a temperate to a 

 hot climate the temperature of the human body rises 

 slightly, the increase rarely exceeding 2 to 3 F. In 

 summer the temperature of the body is a little higher than 

 in winter ; the difference amounting to from J- to J F. 

 {Wunderlich). 



The same effects are observable in alterations of tem- 

 perature not depending on season or climate. 



Food and Drink. The effect of a meal upon the tempera- 

 ture of a body is but small. A very slight rise usually occurs. 



Cold alcoholic drinks depress the temperature somewhat 

 (J to i F.). Warm alcoholic drinks, as well as warm tea 

 and coffee, raise the temperature (about J F.). 



In disease the temperature of the body deviates from the 

 normal standard to a greater extent than would be antici- 

 pated from the slight effect of external conditions during 

 health. Thus, in some diseases, as pneumonia and typhus, 

 it occasionally rises as high as 106 or 107 F. ; and con- 

 siderably higher temperatures have been noted. In a case 

 of malignant fever recently recorded by Mr. Norman Moore, 

 the temperature in the axilla rapidly rose to 1 1 1 F. ; when 

 the patient died. The highest temperature recorded in a 

 living man, 112*5 F., was observed by Wunderlich, in a 

 case of idiopathic tetanus, at the time of death. In the 

 morbus candeus, in which there is defective arterialization 

 of the blood from malformation of the heart, the tem- 

 perature of the body may be as low as 79 or 77 J ; in 

 Asiatic cholera a thermometer placed in the niouth some- 

 time rises only to 77or 79 ; and in a case of tubercular 

 meningitis, observed by Dr. Gee, the temperature of the 

 rectum remained for hours at 79*4 F. 



The temperature maintained by Mammalia in an active 

 state of life, according to the tables of Tiedemann and 



