36 



abundant ration suited to more severe work is 20 pounds of oats, 10 

 pounds of ba}^ and 3 pounds of carrots. 



For farm borses at light work Settegast recommends 6 to 10 pounds 

 oats, 6 to 9 pounds ba^', and 3 pounds straw. For medium work 10 

 pounds oats, 10 pounds bay, and 3 pounds straw. For beavy work 13 

 pounds oats, 12 pounds ba}', and 3 pounds straw. 



A ration proposed b}^ Sidney for a draft borse at beavy worK is of 

 interest because beans replaced some of the grain ordinarily fed. The 

 ration consists of 13 pounds oats, 6 pounds beans, 3 pounds corn, and 

 15 pounds chaffed clover ha}^ 



The above rations are not especially recomiuended, but are quoted 

 as illustrations of the ways in wbicli feeding stuffs can be com))ined. 

 Each feeder should decide upon a ration which makes the most economi- 

 cal use of the local feed supplv, taking care that it furnishes in reason- 

 able combination nutritive material sufficient for the amount of work 

 required. 



METHOD OF CALCULATING RATIONS. 



The feeding value of anv ration may be readily calculated and com- 

 pared with the standards. Suppose a horse at moderate work and 

 weighing 1,200 pounds is fed 11 pounds of oats and 10 pounds of tim- 

 othy hay daily. The Wolff-Lehman n feeding standard for horses at 

 moderate work calls for 1.8 pounds of protein and 26,700 calories per 

 thousand pounds live weight. A borse weighing 1,200 pounds would 

 therefore require 1.2 times as much, or 2.2 pounds protein and 32,000 

 calories. Oats contain 9.39 pounds of digestible protein and 122,100 

 calories per hundred pounds. Eleven pounds would therefore furnish 

 1.08 pounds of protein (9.39 X 0.11 = 1.03), and 13,431 calories (122,100X 

 0.11 = 13,-131). Timoth}' haj^ furnishes 1.25 pounds protein and 69,850 

 calories per hundred pounds. Ten pounds would therefore furnish 

 0.13 pound protein (1.25x0.10 = 0.13) and 6,985 calories (69,850X 

 0.10 = 6,985). The sum of tbe nutrients furnished by 11 pounds of 

 oats and 10 pounds of hay would tbereforc be 1.16 pounds protein and 

 20,415 calories, or 1.04 pounds protein and 11,585 calories less than 

 the standard calls for. This may be made up ))y adding more oats, 

 bay, or other feeding stuff. Tbe amount of oats required to furnish 

 the necessary protein may be learned from the proportion 100:9.39:: 

 a?: 1.04; or, in other words, b}^ dividing 104 by 9.39, wbich gives 

 11.07. This quantity of oats would also furnish 13,517 calories, mak- 

 ing the total protein of tbe ration 2.2 pounds and the total fuel value 

 33,932 calories. Tbe fuel value of tbe ration is in excess of the stand- 

 ard, though tbe agreement is close enough for all practical purposes. 



It will be remembered that it is not necessary tbat the amounts 

 furnished in a ration shall exactly e<iual thos(^ called for by the 

 standard, but rather tbat tbey approximate them, being greater rather 

 no 



