35 



lower values. It has been calculated that an average horse will pro 

 duce onl}' about 22,000 foot-pounds per minute, which would be 

 equivalent to 10,560,000 foot-pounds in a working day of eight hours. 



According to German experiments, the day's work of a horse haul- 

 ing a load eight hours on a level road amounted to 7,999,800 foot- 

 pounds. Working the same length of time with a d3^namometer the 

 work amounted to 12,996,000 foot-pounds. Larger values have been 

 obtained in calculations representing the amount of work performed 

 daily by army horses. 



Taking into account the average amount of muscular work expressed 

 in foot-pounds, the speed at which work is performed, the duration of 

 the work, and the amount of work done at a walk and trotting, the 

 total work done per day by French army horses carrying a rider 

 weighing 175 pounds without a pack, and 265 pounds with a pack, and 

 200 pounds with accouterment for maneuvers, has been calculated to 

 be as follows: 



Table 3. — Work performed by French army horses per day. 



Work per day. 



ORDINARY WORK (RIDER WITHOUT PACK). 



Walking. 

 Trotting . 



Total 



ROAD WORK (rider WITH PACK). 



Walking. 

 Trotting. 



Total 



MILITARY MANEUVERS (RIDER WITH LIGHT 

 PACK). 



Walking 



Trotting 



Total 



Weight 

 carried. 



Pounds. 

 176 

 176 



265 

 265 



198 

 198 



Velocity 



per 

 second. 



Feet. 

 5.446 

 9.022 



5. 446 

 9.022 



5. 446 

 9. 022 



Work per 

 second. 



Foot-lbs. 



958.5 



1,587.9 



1,443.2 

 2, 390. 8 



1,078.3 

 1,786.4 



Duration 

 of daily 

 work. 



Hrs. mill. 

 2 30 

 1 30 



1 30 

 1 30 



2 00 



3 00 



Amoinit 



of work at 



different 



gaits. 



Foot-lbs. 

 8, 626, 500 

 8, 574, 660 



17,201,160 



7, 793, 280 

 12, 910, 320 



20, 703, 600 



7, 762, 760 

 19, 293, 120 



27,055,880 



According to the calculation of an English army officer, the mean 

 ratio of carrying power to body weight is 1:5.757; that is to sa}^, it 

 takes, roughly speaking, 5.75 pounds of body weight to cany 1 pound 

 on the back during severe exertion (racing excepted). The rule he 

 gives for ascertaining the canning power of a horse is to divide his body 

 weight by 5.757, and if intended for only moderate work to add to the 

 product 28 pounds. It has to be noted that the observations on which 

 this rule is based were made upon military horses. It is doubtful if it 

 would work out so accurately if applied to all horses used for the saddle. 



MUSCULAR WORK IN ITS RELATION TO THE RATION. 



Many experiments have been made, chiefly in Eui'opt', to determine 

 the exact relation Ix'tween the amount of muscular work performed 

 and the amount of the different nutrients re(]uired per day. It is the 



170 



