18 



Progress of Population and Wealth 



CHAPTER II. 



THE CENSUS OF 1800, BEING THE SECOND ENUMERATION UNDER THE 

 CONSTITUTION. 



The act of Congress which directed the second enumeration 

 added some new divisions of the white population to those of the 

 first census. It discriminated between the sexes, and it distributed 

 each under the five following heads, viz : 



Those persons who were under ten years of age. 

 " ten, and under sixteen. 



" sixteen, and under twenty-six. 



" twenty-six, and under forty-five. 



" forty-five and upwards. 



This census, besides informing us of the actual numbers then in 

 the United States, made us further acquainted with the rate of our 

 increase, and which proved to be somewhat greater than it had, on 

 the authority of Dr. Franklin's opinion, been previously estimated. 

 The whole population was thus distributed : 

 White males . . . .' 2,204,421 

 " females .... 2,100,068 



4,304,489 



Free coloured 108,395 



Slaves 893,041 



Total 5,305,925 



The increase in ten years was — 



Of the whole population .... 85.02 per cent. 



The following table shows the whole population of the United 

 States on the 1st of August, 1800. 



