in the United States in Fifty Years. 



197 



difference among the States in the proportion of their uncultivated 

 lands. Thus : 



New England States,.. 



Middle States, 



Southern States,* 



Southwestern States, .. 

 Northwestern States,!.. 



The last point of comparison is in the quantities annually pro- 

 duced ; and we should make a very false estimate of the agricultu- 

 ral wealth of the different States, if we were to confine our atten- 

 tion to the money value of their several products, and not to regard 

 the quantities produced. A large part of the products of every 

 State are consumed where they are produced ; and as to this por- 

 tion, the greater the cheapness of the products of a State, the 

 greater is its wealth. If the same labour and capital would pro- 

 duce twice as much grain in the Western States as in the Atlantic 

 States, it is obvious that either one-half the labour and capital re- 

 quired in the latter may be saved in the Western States, and 

 diverted to other sources of profit, or that those States may have 

 twice as much as the Atlantic States for consumption. And as to 

 the surplus sent abroad to be exchanged for other products, though 

 the price be but half that in the Atlantic States, yet, if twice the 

 quantity is produced at the same expense, the value produced in 

 both places will be the same. The advantage of the superior fer- 

 tility of the Western States is not as great as we have supposed, 

 for the purpose of illustration, but it is probably sufficiently great to 

 bring the profits of their agriculture upon a level with those of the 

 Atlantic States. 



Of the wheat, Indian corn, and other grain used for bread, and 

 potatoes, the quantities produced by the different great divisions of 

 the States, and the proportion to each inhabitant, are as follows : 



It thus appears, that the proportion of grain to each inhabitant 



* The Territory of Florida not included. 



t The Territories of Wisconsin and Iowa not included. 



17* 



