3o6 PYGMIES AND PAPUANS 



skin of the chest is dark brown with reddish tinges, 

 while that of the face is mainly dark brown, the re- 

 mainder being medium brown, with reddish or pure 

 brown tinges. The data for the stature are not very 

 satisfactory, the best are a series ofiy males by An- 

 nandale and Robinson, the average being i'528 m. 

 (5 ft. Oj in.), with extreme, of i'372 m. (4 ft. 6 ins.) and 

 I '604 m. (5 ft. 3 ins.). The average cephalic index is 

 about 78 or 79, the extremes ranging from about 74 to 

 about 84. The Semang are thus mesaticephalic on the 

 average. According to Skeat the face is round ; the 

 forehead rounded, narrow and projecting, or as it were 

 "swollen"; the nose short and flattened, the nostrils 

 much distended, the breadth remarkably great, five 

 adult males having an average nasal index of ioi'2, the 

 20 measured by Annandale and Robinson varied from 

 81 "3 to 108 "8 with an average of 97 'i, but four men 

 measured by Martin had an average index of 83 "5. The 

 cheek-bones are broad; jaws often protrude slightly; lips 

 not as a rule thick, Martin remarks that very character- 

 istic of both the Semang and the Sakai is the great 

 thickening of the integumental part of the upper lip, 

 the whole mouth region projecting from the lower edge 

 of the nose; this convexity occurs in 70 per cent., and 

 is well shown in his photographs. 



3. The Aeta live in the mountainous districts of 

 the larger islands and in some of the smaller islands 

 of the Philippines. It is convenient to retain this name 

 for the variously named groups of Philippine Negritos, 

 many of whom show admixture with other peoples. 

 The hair of the head is universally woolly except when 

 mixture may be suspected or is known ; Reed says it is 

 uniform^ of a dirty black colour, sometimes sunburnt 

 on the top to reddish brown ; Worcester describes it as 

 usually black but it may be reddish brown, and Meyer as 

 a dark seal-brown to black. Reed says that the beard is 



