314 PYGMIES AND PAPUANS 



cephalic index averages 79 "5, varying from 66*9 to 85 "i. 

 Features : The nose is straight and though described as 

 "very wide at the nostrils," the mean of the indices is 

 only 83, the extremes being 65-5 to 94. The eyes are 

 noticeably larger and rounder than those of Papuans. 

 "The upper lip of many of the men is long and curiously 

 convex." 



At the same time that the Expedition discovered 

 pygmies in Netherlands New Guinea, Mr. R. W. William- 

 son was investigating-4he Mafulu, a mountain people on 

 the upper waters of the AngaEuhga river in the Mekeo 

 District. He has shown (The Mafttlu Mountain People 

 of British New Guinea, 1912) that in all probability these 

 and some neighbouring tribes are a mixture of Negritos, 

 Papuans and Papuo-Melanesians. Their invariably 

 woolly hair is generally dark brown, often quite dark, 

 approaching to black and sometimes perhaps quite black, 

 but frequently it is lighter and often not what we in 

 Europe should call dark; a beard and moustache are 

 quite unusual. The skin is dark sooty-brown. The 

 average stature is 1*551 m. (5 ft. i in.) ranging from 

 I '47 m. (4 ft. 10 ins.) to i'63 m. (5 ft. 4 ins.). They are 

 fairly strong and muscular, but rather slender and slight 

 in development. The average cephalic index is 80 and 

 ranges from 747 to 86'8. Features : The average nasal 

 index is 84*3, the extremes being 71-4 and 100. The 

 eyes are dark brown and very bright. The lips are fine 

 and delicate. 



It is worth noting that Poch had in 1906 measured 



two Fergusson Island men with statures i'403 and 



1-425 m. (4 ft. 7i ins., 4 ft. 8 ins.), who told him that " all 



the people in that tribe were as small or smaller." [Zs. 



/. Ethnol. XLii. 1910, p. 941.) 



On reading through the brief synopses which I have 

 given it is apparent that, with the possible exception of 

 the Andamanese, each of the Negrito peoples shows 



