277 



action, should equalize the lines and reduce the un- 

 manageableness of the kick. 



§ 212. Bucking. — This might, we think, be ex- 

 plained as a jump upward in the double pace 

 movement, while refusing the cross-line action of 

 the spine. The thrust in the spine for an upward 

 jump is both ways from the cross-lines as a centre. 



§ 213. Turning. The common turns in the trot 

 we should describe as being brought about in the 

 following manner : The drawing of the rein on the 

 side toward which the turn is to be made can be 

 done under two conditions, which give origin io 

 two very different steps. 



First. — When, for example, the right fore and 

 left hind-feet have just landed. The neck portion 

 (a^ a'®) of the left anterior line — completing the 

 bicomposite spine — is about to form, followed 

 instantly (or possibly somewhat preceded) by the 

 right posterior Hne. Now, since the formation of 

 the left anterior, followed by that of the right pos- 

 terior Hne, will bring the left articulation of the 

 lower jaw on its inner bearing, (i. e., the left tem- 

 poral muscle drawing) the pressure from the 

 right side of the bit, by drawing the eight rein 

 favors this ; but, at the same time, it hinders the 

 thrusting element of the two Hues, and, so far as 



