Antiquity of Man in America compared with Europe 135 



formed by the outlet of a lake that covered western Kansas. 

 The writer has suggested that this terrace dates from the 

 time of the Equus beds, when the Kansas river connected the 

 interior lakes of Pliocene time with the Missouri river. It 

 lies in a deep gorge cut in the Carboniferous limestone, and 

 that points to an early date for the gorge of the Missouri river 

 at Lansing and southward. At the same time it rather indi- 

 cates that the Megalonyx beds, in which Udden found traces 

 of granitic gravel and pebbles, are later than some Glacial 

 epoch, and hence that they belong in the Pleistocene. 



The Lansing skull was associated with the lower jaw of an 

 infant, which suggests that the adult skull was that of its 

 mother, a suggestion not discordant with the idea that they 

 may both have belonged to the same race as the Loess Man 

 of Nebraska, of which I shall speak soon. When first found, 

 tli is skull was declared to be that of a woman, especially by 

 Prof. S. W. Williston, of the University of Chicago. Prof. 

 Ales Hrdlicka, however, in his final discussion, states that it 

 belonged to a man. Had the remains of the so-called "Ne- 

 braska man" then been known, it is likely that Dr. Hrdlicka 

 would have seen the propriety of considering this as a female 

 of the same race, and more especially as it is difficult to ex- 

 plain why in this entombment the infant should be associated 

 with its father rather than its mother. None of the anatomical 

 characters given preclude the feminine gender, and some of 

 them seem to indicate it, namely, the small stature, 5.4 feet, 

 the comparative slenderness of the bones of the upper extremi- 

 ties, the comparatively small brain cavity, and perhaps the 

 absence of heavy supraorbital ridges. The last mentioned 

 character would be in keeping with its supposed relation to 

 the Nebraska skulls, which are unquestionably those of males. 



The Nebraska Man. 



It was not long after the discovery of the Lansing skeleton 

 that a very important discovery was made (1904) by Robert 

 F. Gilder in the west bluff of the Missouri river near ( )maha, 

 Nebraska, about 150 miles north of Lansing. Here, according 

 to Prof. Erwin H. Barbour, state geologist of Nebraska, were 

 at least five human skulls and many bones and fragments of 

 bones entombed and scattered in the loess, but lying below 



