DISEASES OF SWIXE AND OTHER ANIMALS. 29 



In isoiue cases tlie peritoiieuiu and tlic serous meiubraucs of the iutes- 

 tiues appeared to be perfectly" smooth, bat a larger or smaller quantity 

 of straw-colored serum, from two ounces to oue quart or more, was Ibuud 

 in the abdominal cavity. In others, adhesions between the intestines 

 and the peritoneum, between the intestines themselves, or with other 

 organs, had been effected. JMore or less coalescence between cieciun 

 and colon, between caecum and ilium, or between the convolutes of the 

 colon, sometimes not separable except by means of the knife, presented 

 itself in almost every case, in which the ulcerous tumors or morbid 

 growths in the crecum and colon were extensive, large, and sufticientlj" 

 deep-seated to affect the serous membrane. 



D. The contents of the gall-bladder in a large number of cases were 

 found to consist of a semi-solid, granidar, and dirty brownish-colored 

 substance. In most of those cases, however, the ductus choledochus 

 appeared to be thickened, and its membranes swelled ; and so it may 

 be that the semi-solid condition of the bile was due, to some extent, to 

 the partially or totally obstructed passage. 



10. In oiic case a morbid enlargement or hypertroph;^' of the pancreas 

 presented itself, and slight changes (congestion) were found in a few 

 cases in the kidneys. 



11. Morbid changes, similar in every respect to those occurring on the 

 mucous membrane of the ctecuni and colon, i)resented themselves in 

 two cases on the conjunctiva, or mucous membrane of the eye. But as 

 the conjunctiva is exposed more or less to the influence of the atmosphere, 

 the morbid growth Avas not projecting in the same way as in the ciecum 

 and colon above the surface of the membrane ; the decay was more com- 

 plete, and, perhaps, more rapid, so that instead of an excessive growth 

 loss of tissue could be noticed. In both cases the eyes themselves 

 appeared congested, and the animals seemed to be perfectly blind. 



12. In one case the gums of the lower jaw i)resented similar changes, 

 but in these, too, considerable loss of tissue had taken place. The mor- 

 bid process extended into the lower jaw-bone, and enough of it had been 

 decayed and destroyed to expose the roots of the incisors, and to cause 

 some of them to droj) out. 



13. Morbid changes, ulceration, and decay have been observed twice 

 in one of the spermatic chords of pigs whieh had been castrated a short 

 time before the disease was contracted. In both pigs an aliscess was 

 found in the scrotum, the only instance in which leal matter or pus 

 was observed. 



14. In nearly all those hogs and pigs Mhich had been ringed to ])rc- 

 vent them from rooting, the parts thus wounded presented more or less 

 decay, in about a dozen cases to such an extent as to cause a formation 

 of large holes du-ectly from the superior surface of the nose into the nasal 

 cavities. These holes presented very ragged or corrodi'il borders, coated 

 with a dirty-yellowish detritus, and were, in sevend instances, sufti- 

 cieutly large to enable the animals to breathe through, instead of through 

 the nostrils. 



15. Morbid changes in the skin, but of a different eiiaracter, were 

 found to be of frequent occurrence. In three or tour cases numerous 

 small morbid growths (eruptions) extending but slightly into the cutis, 

 but causing a com])lete degeneration of the ('i)i(lcrmis, and leaving be- 

 hind, if removed, an uneven, raw, or excoriated surface, in aitpearance 

 not unlike granulation, were found on the cojnpara.tively line skin im 

 t lie lower surface of the body, between the legs and behind th(^ cars. 

 In two other cases whole i>ieccs of degcncr;-^ted and decayed skin had 

 sloughed off and fallen out. The corroded borders and tiic bottcmi of 



