DISEASES OF SWINE AND OTHER ANIMALS. 101 



tion to the piga may succeed in conveying the malady to distant herds. The rat is 

 at once suggested to the mind as being almost ubiquitous in piggeries, as feeding in 

 common with the swine, as liable to be devoured by the hog when sick or dead, as 

 given to wandering from place to place, and as possessed of a vicious habit of gnaw- 

 ing the feet and other parts of his porcine companion, and thus unconsciously inocu- 

 lating him. 



I have up to the present time had the opportunity of inoculating but one rat with the 

 hog-poison. Unfortunately my subject died on the second day thereafter, the body 

 showing some suspicious lesions, namely, congested lungs with considerable inter- 

 lobular'exudation, congested small intestines, dried-up contents of the large intes- 

 tines, and sauguinous discoloration of the tail from the seat of inoculation to the tip. 



INOCULATIONS FKOM THE TAT. 



With the fresh congested small intestine of the rat I inoculated one pig, and with 

 the frozen intestine one day later I inoculated a second. The fu-st had no appreciable 

 rise of temperature, loss of appetite, nor digestive disorder, but on the sixth day pink 

 and violet eruptions, the size of a pin's head and upward, ajjpeared on teats and belly, 

 and on the tenth day there was a manifest enlargement of the inguinal glands. From 

 what I had seen of the occult forms of the disease I was led to the opinion that this 

 was one of them. Unfortunately, I had at the time no healthy pig available for the 

 crucial test of reinoculation. 



In the second pig, inoculated with the frozen intestine, the symptoms were too 

 obscure to be of any real value. As soon as I obtain a supply of rats I propose to sub- 

 ject this question to si further investigation. 



SUCCESSFUL INOCULATION OF SHEEP. 



Less significant than the infection of rats, yet of immense practical importance, is 

 the susceptibility of sheep to the hog-fever. I have experimented on two sheep of 

 diiferent ages, an adult merino wether and a cross-breed lamb, and iu both cases have 

 succeeded in transmitting the disease. 



INFECTION OF THE JIERINO. 



This sheep was inoculated by hypodermic injections of one and a half di-achms of 

 blood from a pig just killed. On the fom-th day he had elevated temperature, and on 

 the sixth scouring and snuffling breathing, but the symptoms rapidly subsided. On 

 the fourteenth day he had an injection of two drachms more of blood from a sick pig, 

 and on the twenty-first day of one di-achm of blood and pleural fluid containing mul- 

 titudes of bacteria. Next day the temperature w^as raised and the snuifling breathing 

 reappeared, both symptoms continuing for some time. On the sixth day his blood 

 was found to contain movmg bacteria similar to those present iu the injected blood. 

 On the twenty-third day fiom the last inoculation he was reinoculated, this time with 

 the scurf from the ear of a sick pig. This was followed by no rise of temperature, but 

 there existed much irritation of the bowels with redness and swelling of the anus, 

 occasional diarrhea, and the passage of an excess of nmcus, sometimes stained with 

 blood. Seventeen days after the last inoculation ho had ano ther hypodermic injection 

 of one drachm of blood and pleural fluid from a pig just killed. As before, this led to 

 an extensive rise of temperature while the intestinal catarrh continued. 



INFECTION OF THE LAJVIE. 



The lamb was first injected with a saline solution of the scurf and cutaneous exuda- 

 1 ion from the ear of a sick i)ig. There followed a slight rise of temperature, a scurfy 

 eru]ition on the ears and oozing of blood from different points on their surface, so as to 

 form dark red scales. 



On the sixth day following it was reinoculated by the hypodermic injection of one_ 

 drachm of pleural fluid from a pig just killed, the fluid containing an abundance of 

 moving bacteria. Next day there was extreme rise of temperature, some dullness and 

 swellhig in the right axilla, but appetite and i-nmination Avere not altogether lost nor 

 suspended. On the fifth day there Avas tenderness and unusual contraction of the 

 rectum with the passage of bloody mucus, and on the eighth day i)rofuse diarrhea 

 with the passage of much mucus. 



SUCCESSFUL INOCULATION OF A PIG FKOM THE SICK SHEEP. 



A healthy pig Avas inoculated Avith mucus from the anus of the Avether, and shoAved 

 a slight elevation of temxierature for five days, but Avithout any other marked symp- 



