124 DISEASES OF SWINE AND OTHER ANIMALS. 



tliis State 1 Is it one and the same disease from which, the hogs are 

 dying in the different parts of it ? If bnt one, 'svhat are its symptoms, 

 post-mortem appearances, nature, and cause ? And what are the means 

 by which such losses may be diminished or entirely prevented 1 These 

 are the questions which it seemed most important to answer ; they are 

 those to which my time has been entirely devoted. 



It was found very difficult to obtain information of localities in which 

 the disease existed ; for although requests were made through our news- 

 papers for such information, and although, as I have since learned, swine 

 were dying largely in every section of the State, I received during the 

 whole time but three letters naming such localities. If to this we add 

 that a large part of this State is without raiboads ; that the farms are 

 large, and, consequently, the country is thinly settled 5 that usually but 

 few hogs are kei)t on each place, it is seen that a gTcat part of the time 

 must have been spent in unproductive work in searching out infected 

 localities, and, when these were found, in traveling from farm to farm to 

 find herds suitable for experiment, or dead animals for examination. 

 These facts must explain the small number of experiments which I was 

 able to carry out. 



To give a connected view of the subject, and one convenient for refer- 

 ence, the report is presented under the following headings : 



I. 



THE5L0SSESJ-0F-SWINE. 



a. Extent of disease, number and percentage of deaths. 



h. Are the great bulk of these losses caused by one disease, or are 

 they more equally distributed among all those to which these animals 

 are subject ? 



II. 



THE CONTAGIOUS HOa-J^feVER. 



a. Symptoms. 



h. Post-mortem appearances. 



c. Nature. 



d. Cause. 



III. 



MEANS OF PREVENTION. 



a. Hygienic and medical treatment, 

 h. Sanitary regulations. 



EXTENT OF DISEASE, NUjNIBER AND PERCENTAGE OF" DEATHS. 



North Carolina is a State with a great diversity of soil and clunate. 

 In the western or mountainous part the summers ai-e not excessively 

 hot nor the winters extremely cold, and, with the exception of river bot- 

 toms which are of comparatively small extent, tlie soil is rolling and 

 uaturaUy well drained ; the water is good ; there is no malaria, and the 

 country is rightfully considered a very liealthy one. Extending from 

 the mountains for two hundred miles eastward is a strip of country much 

 of which is not sufficiently rolling lor good drainage through the com- 

 pact subsoU, and in a large part of which intermittent lever prevails io 



